Department of Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, Kurume University, Kurume 830-0003, Fukuoka-ken, Japan.
Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Kurume University, Kurume 830-0003, Fukuoka-ken, Japan.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Sep 28;18(19):10172. doi: 10.3390/ijerph181910172.
Continuous employment is an important goal for many people with mental illnesses. However, job retention and absenteeism remain significant problems that deter their attempts at gaining financial independence, expanding interpersonal relationships, and developing self-esteem. Although there is consensus on the necessity of their proactive treatment and social participation, such support is currently underwhelming. Therefore, this study analyzes the conceptual framework for work ability of people with mental illnesses. We performed our investigations using Rodgers' evolutionary conceptual analysis, targeting literature published from 1978 to 2020. Our search yielded 1420 articles in the Scopus inventory and 199 in PubMed. After exclusions, 13 articles remained. Using the same keywords in Google Scholar, we included 31 articles in our analysis. The attributes of work ability included the ability to self-manage, adaptability, the ability to dedicate oneself to work, and the ability to formulate plans. These were developed through a reiterative process. This study notes the importance of adjusting the work environment according to the patients' condition. Therefore, the ability to cope with stress and workload, as well as active self-adjustment, are crucial skills that nurses can help develop after assessing the patient's daily life. Furthermore, they can foster multidisciplinary collaboration and follow-up systems after employment.
连续就业是许多精神疾病患者的重要目标。然而，保留工作和缺勤仍然是严重的问题，这阻碍了他们获得经济独立、拓展人际关系和培养自尊心的努力。尽管人们一致认为有必要积极治疗和参与社会活动，但目前这种支持力度还远远不够。因此，本研究分析了精神疾病患者工作能力的概念框架。我们使用 Rodgers 的进化概念分析进行了调查，目标是研究 1978 年至 2020 年期间发表的文献。在 Scopus 库存中搜索到了 1420 篇文章，在 PubMed 中搜索到了 199 篇文章。排除重复和不相关的文章后，有 13 篇文章入选。在 Google Scholar 中使用相同的关键词，我们又纳入了 31 篇文章进行分析。工作能力的属性包括自我管理能力、适应能力、敬业能力和计划制定能力。这些能力是通过反复的过程发展起来的。本研究指出，根据患者的病情调整工作环境的重要性。因此，护士可以在评估患者的日常生活后，帮助他们培养应对压力和工作负荷的能力以及积极的自我调整能力。此外，还可以促进多学科合作和就业后的随访系统。
