Tyc Aleksandra, Nieweś Dominik, Pankalla Ewa, Huculak-Mączka Marta, Hoffmann Krystyna, Hoffmann Józef
Department of Engineering and Technology of Chemical Processes, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland.
Department of Research and Innovations, Grupa Azoty Zakłady Azotowe Kędzierzyn, S.A., Mostowa 30A, 47-220 Kędzierzyn-Koźle, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2021 Oct 2;14(19):5761. doi: 10.3390/ma14195761.
Granular fertilizers (especially those based on ammonium nitrate (AN)) tend to agglomerate during storage. The aims of this research were to develop effective anti-caking coatings for ammonium nitrate fertilizers while improving the quality of fertilizers and to optimize the composition of effective anti-caking coatings. The influence of the composition of the prepared organic coatings on the effectiveness of preventing the caking of fertilizers was studied by response surface methodology (RSM) using Box-Behnken design (BBD). Additionally, the effect of the developed anti-caking agents on the quality of fertilizers was determined by measuring the crushing strength of the granules. The prepared coatings included fatty amine, stearic acid, surfactant, and paraffin wax. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to analyze these coatings. The morphology of the fertilizers were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Composition studies, based on statistical assessment, showed the coating components had a varying influence on preventing the caking of fertilizers after granulation and after 30 days of storage. The results demonstrated that increasing the content of fatty amines and reducing surfactant in the composition of coating had positive effects on caking prevention. In this study, more effective and economically viable anti-caking coatings were developed. In addition, the present work could serve as a basis to further improve anti-caking coatings.
颗粒肥料（尤其是那些基于硝酸铵（AN）的肥料）在储存期间往往会结块。本研究的目的是开发用于硝酸铵肥料的有效抗结块涂层，同时提高肥料质量，并优化有效抗结块涂层的组成。采用Box-Behnken设计（BBD）的响应面方法（RSM）研究了制备的有机涂层组成对防止肥料结块效果的影响。此外，通过测量颗粒的抗压强度来确定所开发的抗结块剂对肥料质量的影响。制备的涂层包括脂肪胺、硬脂酸、表面活性剂和石蜡。使用气相色谱-质谱联用仪（GC-MS）分析这些涂层。通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）检查肥料的形态。基于统计评估的成分研究表明，涂层成分对造粒后和储存30天后防止肥料结块有不同的影响。结果表明，增加涂层组成中脂肪胺的含量并减少表面活性剂对防止结块有积极作用。在本研究中，开发了更有效且经济可行的抗结块涂层。此外，目前的工作可为进一步改进抗结块涂层提供基础。
