Verduci Rosaria, Agresti Antonio, Romano Valentino, D'Angelo Giovanna
Department of ChiBioFarAm, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy.
C.H.O.S.E. (Centre for Hybrid and Organic Solar Energy), Department of Electronic Engineering, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.
Materials (Basel). 2021 Oct 6;14(19):5843. doi: 10.3390/ma14195843.
The last decade has witnessed the advance of metal halide perovskites as a promising low-cost and efficient class of light harvesters used in solar cells (SCs). Remarkably, the efficiency of lab-scale perovskite solar cells (PSCs) reached a power conversion efficiency of 25.5% in just ~10 years of research, rivalling the current record of 26.1% for Si-based PVs. To further boost the performances of PSCs, the use of 2D materials (such as graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides and transition metal carbides, nitrides and carbonitrides) has been proposed, thanks to their remarkable optoelectronic properties (that can be tuned with proper chemical composition engineering) and chemical stability. In particular, 2D materials have been demonstrated as promising candidates for (i) accelerating hot carrier transfer across the interfaces between the perovskite and the charge extraction layers; (ii) improving the crystallization of the perovskite layers (when used as additives in the precursor solution); (iii) favoring electronic bands alignment through tuning of the work function. In this mini-review, we discuss the physical mechanisms underlying the increased efficiency of 2D material-based PSCs, focusing on the three aforementioned effects.
在过去十年中，金属卤化物钙钛矿作为一类有前景的低成本高效光捕获材料在太阳能电池（SCs）中得到了发展。值得注意的是，在短短约10年的研究中，实验室规模的钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSCs）的功率转换效率达到了25.5%，与基于硅的光伏电池目前26.1%的记录相当。为了进一步提高PSCs的性能，人们提出使用二维材料（如石墨烯、过渡金属二卤化物以及过渡金属碳化物、氮化物和碳氮化物），这得益于它们卓越的光电特性（可通过适当的化学成分工程进行调节）和化学稳定性。特别是，二维材料已被证明是有前景的候选材料，可用于：（i）加速热载流子在钙钛矿与电荷提取层之间的界面传输；（ii）改善钙钛矿层的结晶（当用作前驱体溶液中的添加剂时）；（iii）通过调节功函数来促进电子能带排列。在本综述中，我们讨论基于二维材料的PSCs效率提高背后的物理机制，重点关注上述三种效应。
