Carr V, Wale J
Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 1986 Jun;20(2):136-55. doi: 10.3109/00048678609161327.
There is a wealth of literature associating schizophrenia with disorders of information processing and attention. This paper draws together knowledge from experimental cognitive psychology and examines how both research findings and the clinical manifestations of schizophrenia can be accommodated by an information processing paradigm. An attentional model of schizophrenia is proposed in which disorders in the perception of information are related to dysfunction at the level of preattentive processes. This is seen as one crucial difference between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, both of which demonstrate failures of sensory gating and filter mechanisms in the acquisition and processing of inputs. Commonalities between the two disorders are thus addressed. Certain psychopathological phenomena in schizophrenia, particularly negative symptoms ('inhibition'), hallucinations and delusions, are seen as compensatory operations of a disordered information processing system. The model has heuristic value and is able to account for, and coherently organise, the variability which continues to confound research in schizophrenia.
有大量文献将精神分裂症与信息处理和注意力障碍联系起来。本文汇集了实验认知心理学的知识，并探讨了信息处理范式如何能够解释精神分裂症的研究结果和临床表现。本文提出了一种精神分裂症的注意力模型，其中信息感知障碍与前注意过程水平的功能障碍有关。这被视为精神分裂症和双相情感障碍之间的一个关键区别，这两种疾病在输入信息的获取和处理过程中均表现出感觉门控和过滤机制的失效。因此，本文讨论了这两种疾病之间的共性。精神分裂症中的某些精神病理现象，特别是阴性症状（“抑制”）、幻觉和妄想，被视为紊乱的信息处理系统的代偿性操作。该模型具有启发价值，能够解释并连贯地组织一直困扰精神分裂症研究的变异性。
