Wang X Y, Cui Z, He Q Y, Deng X N, Guo G, Feng X H, Feng J L
Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, National Health Commission of the PRC; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research; Beijing 100191, China.
Department of Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.
Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2021 Oct 18;53(5):832-837. doi: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167X.2021.05.004.
To evaluate the changes of heart structure and function in elite Chinese weightlifters by spot tracking technique.
Chinese elite male weightlifters (weightlifter group, =16) and age-matched healthy men (control group, =16) were included as subjects. Transthoracic echocardiography and speckle-tracking automatic functional imaging were used for two-dimensional myocardial strain measurements.
The thickness of septum and left ventricular (LV) posterior wall and the myocardial mass index of LV were all higher than those of the control group [(9.3±1.3) mm (8.0±0.4) mm, (9.2±0.8) mm (8.0±0.8) mm, (77.8±12.8) g/m (67.8±11.2) g/m, all < 0.05]. Although the LV ejection fraction (LVEF) and global long axis strain value (LVGLS) were not significantly different from those in the control group, the LV mean Sm and Em reflecting the systolic and diastolic functions of the LV were lower than those in the control group ( < 0.05). Further myocardial strain analysis showed that the absolute value of the long axial strain of the basal anteroseptal and mid-inferoseptal segments of the weightlifters were significantly lower than those of the control group [|(-15.1±4.2)%||(-18.7±3.0)%|, |(-18.8±2.6)%||(-21.3±2.8)%|, all < 0.05]. There was no significant difference in other segments. The athletes were divided into two groups according to their best performance in the National Youth Games. The athletes were divided into two sub-groups according to their performance in the National Youth Games. The thickness of the septum in the sub-group with better performance (who ranked the 1 to 8) was larger [(10.2±1.1) mm (8.5±1.0) mm, < 0.05], and the absolute value of the long-axis strain in the mid-inferoseptal segment was lower [|(-17.1±2.1)%||(-20.4±2.1)%|, < 0.05].
The thickening of septum is more obvious in the excellent weightlifters, accompanied by the decrease of myocardial systolic function. The speckle-tracking technique of echocardiography can identify the changes of the heart structure and function of elite athletes at an early stage, which may provide a basis for sports medicine supervision and the selection of excellent talents.
采用斑点追踪技术评估中国优秀举重运动员心脏结构和功能的变化。
纳入中国优秀男性举重运动员（举重组，n = 16）和年龄匹配的健康男性（对照组，n = 16）作为研究对象。采用经胸超声心动图和斑点追踪自动功能成像技术进行二维心肌应变测量。
举重组的室间隔厚度、左心室后壁厚度及左心室心肌质量指数均高于对照组[（9.3±1.3）mm 对（8.0±0.4）mm，（9.2±0.8）mm 对（8.0±0.8）mm，（77.8±12.8）g/m² 对（67.8±11.2）g/m²，均P < 0.05]。虽然左心室射血分数（LVEF）和整体长轴应变值（LVGLS）与对照组相比无显著差异，但反映左心室收缩和舒张功能的左心室平均Sm和Em低于对照组（P < 0.05）。进一步的心肌应变分析显示，举重运动员基底前间隔和中间隔段的长轴应变绝对值显著低于对照组[|（-15.1±4.2）%|对|（-18.7±3.0）%|，|（-18.8±2.6）%|对|（-21.3±2.8）%|，均P < 0.05]。其他节段无显著差异。根据运动员在全国青年运动会上的最佳成绩将其分为两组。根据运动员在全国青年运动会上的表现将其分为两个亚组。表现较好（排名第1至8）的亚组室间隔厚度更大[（10.2±1.1）mm 对（8.5±1.0）mm，P < 0.05]，中间隔段长轴应变绝对值更低[|（-17.1±2.1）%|对|（-20.4±2.1）%|，P < 0.05]。
优秀举重运动员室间隔增厚更明显，同时伴有心肌收缩功能下降。超声心动图斑点追踪技术可早期识别优秀运动员心脏结构和功能的变化，可为运动医学监测及优秀人才选拔提供依据。
