Rutkowski Sebastian, Szary Patryk, Sacha Jerzy, Casaburi Richard
Department of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, Opole, Poland.
Faculty of Physiotherapy, University School of Physical Education in Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland.
Front Physiol. 2021 Sep 30;12:702266. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.702266. eCollection 2021.
This cross-sectional, randomly assigned study aimed to assess the influence of immersive virtual reality (VR) on exercise tolerance expressed as the duration of a submaximal exercise test (ET) on a cycle ergometer. The study enrolled 70 healthy volunteers aged 22-25years. Each participant performed an ET with and without VR. Time- and frequency-domain heart rate variability (HRV) parameters were analyzed for the first 3min (T1), the last 3min (T2), and the time at which the shorter of the two tests terminated (Tiso). In the time domain, a SD of R-R intervals (SDNN) and a root mean square of successive R-R interval differences (RMSSD) in milliseconds were computed. The following spectral components were considered: low frequency (LF), high frequency (HF), total power (TP), and LF/HF ratio. The study was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04197024). Compared to standard ET, tests in immersive VR lasted significantly longer (694 vs. 591s, <0.00001) and were associated with lower HR response across the range of corresponding exercise levels, averaging 5-8 beats/min. In the multiple regression analysis, the ET duration was positively determined by male sex, immersion in VR, and negatively determined by HRT1 and RMSSDT1. Exercising in VR is associated with lower HR which allowed subjects to exercise for a longer time before reaching target heart rate (HR). In addition, the increase in exercise duration was found to be related to an adjustment in autonomic nervous activity at a given work rate favoring parasympathetic predominance.
这项横断面随机分组研究旨在评估沉浸式虚拟现实（VR）对运动耐力的影响，运动耐力通过在自行车测力计上进行次最大运动试验（ET）的持续时间来表示。该研究招募了70名年龄在22 - 25岁的健康志愿者。每位参与者在有和没有VR的情况下进行了ET。分析了前3分钟（T1）、最后3分钟（T2）以及两项测试中较短一项终止时的心率变异性（HRV）参数的时域和频域指标。在时域中，计算了RR间期标准差（SDNN）和连续RR间期差异的均方根（RMSSD），单位为毫秒。考虑了以下频谱成分：低频（LF）、高频（HF）、总功率（TP）和LF/HF比值。该研究已在ClinicalTrials.gov（NCT04197024）注册。与标准ET相比，沉浸式VR测试持续时间显著更长（694秒对591秒，<0.00001），并且在相应运动水平范围内与较低的心率反应相关，平均低5 - 8次/分钟。在多元回归分析中，ET持续时间由男性性别、沉浸于VR正向决定，由HRT1和RMSSDT1负向决定。在VR中运动与较低的心率相关，这使得受试者在达到目标心率（HR）之前能够运动更长时间。此外，发现运动持续时间的增加与在给定工作率下自主神经活动的调整有关，有利于副交感神经占主导。
