Kuijpers M H, de Jong W
J Hypertens Suppl. 1986 Oct;4(3):S41-4.
The fawn-hooded (FH) rat develops hypertension spontaneously. Systolic blood pressure is already elevated at 5 weeks of age, increases with age, and the final range is 180-240 mmHg at the age of 1 year. Concomitantly with the rise in blood pressure proteinuria occurs and increases with age. Fawn-hooded rats reaching the accelerated phase of the hypertension are characterized by blood pressure values exceeding 220 mmHg, heavy proteinuria and increased heart, kidney, liver, adrenal and spleen weights. Those prone to malignant hypertensive disease show a period of increased water turnover for several weeks after weaning; during this period, they do not show the pronounced decrease in water intake upon fasting for 24 h as observed in FH rats of the same age prone to a milder form of hypertension, i.e. diuresis and drinking continue even when no food is consumed. The major cause of death for FH rats is malignant nephrosclerosis with the nephrotic syndrome and/or cardiac failure with chronic pulmonary congestion. Some animals die of bleeding from mesenteric vessels with periarteritis nodosa. In FH rats with malignant hypertension, heart, kidney, liver and spleen weights are significantly increased compared with FH rats of the same age with mild hypertension. Histopathology shows myocardial fibrosis and myocardial infarctions. Generalized arteriolosclerosis is common, sometimes accompanied with local fibrinoid degeneration and (peri)arteritis. Some major arteries show intimal proliferation. It is concluded that the FH rat provides an interesting model for the study of hypertension and its consequences.
小鹿帽（FH）大鼠会自发性地发展为高血压。收缩压在5周龄时就已升高，并随年龄增长而增加，1岁时的最终范围为180 - 240 mmHg。随着血压升高，蛋白尿随之出现并随年龄增加。进入高血压加速期的小鹿帽大鼠的特征是血压值超过220 mmHg、大量蛋白尿以及心脏、肾脏、肝脏、肾上腺和脾脏重量增加。那些易患恶性高血压疾病的大鼠在断奶后几周会出现一段时间的水周转率增加；在此期间，它们不会像同龄的易患较轻形式高血压的FH大鼠那样在禁食24小时后出现明显的饮水量减少，即即使不进食，利尿和饮水仍会持续。FH大鼠的主要死亡原因是伴有肾病综合征的恶性肾硬化和/或伴有慢性肺充血的心力衰竭。一些动物死于结节性多动脉炎导致的肠系膜血管出血。与同龄轻度高血压的FH大鼠相比，患有恶性高血压的FH大鼠的心脏、肾脏、肝脏和脾脏重量显著增加。组织病理学显示心肌纤维化和心肌梗死。全身性小动脉硬化很常见，有时伴有局部纤维蛋白样变性和（ peri）动脉炎。一些主要动脉显示内膜增生。得出的结论是，FH大鼠为研究高血压及其后果提供了一个有趣的模型。
