Universidade de Santo Amaro, São Paulo, Brazil.
Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Centro de Pesquisa em Nutrologia de Cães e Gatos, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
PLoS One. 2021 Oct 19;16(10):e0258058. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258058. eCollection 2021.
Primary hyperlipidaemia in Schnauzer is characterized by increased plasma triglycerides (TG) and/or total cholesterol (TC) concentration and is associated with an increased risk of developing pancreatitis, insulin resistance and seizures. In humans, omega-3 fatty acids in addition to a low-fat diet can be used to reduce TG and TC. This study evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of omega-3 fatty acids associated to a diet management with two different fat content in Schnauzer with primary hyperlipidaemia. Eighteen dogs with primary hyperlipidaemia were divided into two groups: group 1, n = 10, 8 females, 2 males, age (mean ± standard deviation) of 7.13 ± 2.70 years and body weight (BW) (mean ± standard deviation) of 7.25 ± 1.22 kg were treated with fish oil (approximately 730 mg/day of omega-3) associated with a low-fat and low-calorie diet (approximately 24g of fat/1000 kcal) for 90 days (T90); and group 2, n = 8 dogs, 6 females, 2 males, with 7.0 ± 1.77 years old and average BW of 8.36 ± 1.51 kg, treated with fish oil (approximately 730 mg/day of omega-3) and maintenance diet with moderate amount of fat (approximately 33g of fat/1000 kcal) for 90 days. Plasma TG and TC concentrations and lipoprotein (LP) profile (VLDL, LDL, HDL) were evaluated before and after treatment. TG and TC serum concentrations, expressed in mg/dL (mean ± standard deviation), before and after treatment in group 1 were: TG = 391.30 ± 487.86 (T0) and 118.7 ± 135.21 (T90); TC = 308.2 ± 63.06 (T0) and 139 ± 36.91 (T90). As for group 2, TG = 391.63 ± 336.89 (T0) and 250.75 ± 211.56 (T90); TC = 257.25 ± 92.88 (T0) and 207.25 ± 63.79 (T90). A reduction (p<0.05) of TG and TC was observed in both groups. The distribution of TG and TC among LP was not different between the pre (T0) and post treatment (T90) periods. After 90 days of treatment, the administration of omega-3 fatty acids, associated with a low-fat or maintenance diet reduced triglyceridemia and cholesterolemia without altering LP profile. The current investigation shows that both therapies were effective in reducing plasma TC and TG concentrations without altering LP profile.
雪纳瑞的原发性高脂血症的特征是血浆甘油三酯（TG）和/或总胆固醇（TC）浓度升高，并且与胰腺炎、胰岛素抵抗和癫痫发作的风险增加有关。在人类中，除了低脂饮食外，ω-3 脂肪酸也可用于降低 TG 和 TC。本研究评估了在两种不同脂肪含量的饮食管理下，ω-3 脂肪酸联合治疗雪纳瑞原发性高脂血症的疗效。18 只患有原发性高脂血症的狗被分为两组：第 1 组，n = 10，8 只雌性，2 只雄性，年龄（平均值±标准差）为 7.13±2.70 岁，体重（平均值±标准差）为 7.25±1.22kg，用鱼油（约 730mg/天的 ω-3）联合低脂低热量饮食（约 24g 脂肪/1000kcal）治疗 90 天（T90）；第 2 组，n = 8 只狗，6 只雌性，2 只雄性，年龄为 7.0±1.77 岁，平均体重为 8.36±1.51kg，用鱼油（约 730mg/天的 ω-3）和维持量脂肪饮食（约 33g 脂肪/1000kcal）治疗 90 天。治疗前后评估血浆 TG 和 TC 浓度及脂蛋白（LP）谱（VLDL、LDL、HDL）。第 1 组治疗前后血清 TG 和 TC 浓度，以 mg/dL（平均值±标准差）表示，分别为：TG = 391.30±487.86（T0）和 118.7±135.21（T90）；TC = 308.2±63.06（T0）和 139±36.91（T90）。对于第 2 组，TG = 391.63±336.89（T0）和 250.75±211.56（T90）；TC = 257.25±92.88（T0）和 207.25±63.79（T90）。两组 TG 和 TC 均有降低（p<0.05）。治疗前后（T90）LP 中 TG 和 TC 的分布无差异。治疗 90 天后，低脂肪或维持饮食联合ω-3 脂肪酸治疗可降低甘油三酯血症和胆固醇血症，而不改变 LP 谱。目前的研究表明，两种治疗方法均有效降低血浆 TC 和 TG 浓度，而不改变 LP 谱。
