Sfeir Elsa, Hallit Souheil, Akel Marwan, Salameh Pascale, Obeid Sahar
Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.
Department of Pediatrics, Notre-Dame des Secours University Hospital, Byblos, Lebanon.
Psychol Health Med. 2023 Jun;28(5):1190-1200. doi: 10.1080/13548506.2021.1995886. Epub 2021 Oct 21.
Smartphone usage in Lebanon is increasing constantly. Lebanese population especially university students were described to be at a higher risk of smartphone addiction compared to the general population. To our knowledge there has been no study in the literature that investigated the mediating effect of self-esteem when assessing personality traits and smartphone addiction in young adults. The aim of our study was to assess factors associated with smartphone addiction and investigate the mediating role of self-esteem in the association between smartphone addiction and personality traits. A cross-sectional study was carried out between August and September 2020, during the lockdown period imposed by the government for the COVID-19 pandemic and that coincides with the summer season vacation for most Lebanese, using a sample of community-dwelling participants aged 18 to 29 years. The snowball technique was followed for participants' recruitment. The results showed that the mean age of the participants was 22.25 ± 2.87 years, with 70.9% females. The results showed that 216 (46.9%) of the participants had smartphone addiction. Higher negative emotionality (Beta = 0.17) was significantly associated with more smartphone addiction, whereas higher self-esteem (Beta = -0.37) and household crowding index (Beta = -1.58) were significantly associated with less smartphone addiction. Self-esteem mediated the association between negative emotionality and smartphone addiction. Lebanese young adults were found to be at a high risk of smartphone addiction. These results might serve as a first step towards implementing preventive measures to reduce smartphone addiction. Improving face to face communication, as well as setting specific time for cell phone usage might help reduce the development of addictive behaviors.
黎巴嫩智能手机的使用量在持续增长。与普通人群相比，黎巴嫩人口尤其是大学生被认为有更高的智能手机成瘾风险。据我们所知，文献中尚无研究调查在评估年轻人的人格特质和智能手机成瘾时自尊的中介作用。我们研究的目的是评估与智能手机成瘾相关的因素，并调查自尊在智能手机成瘾与人格特质之间关联中的中介作用。2020年8月至9月期间，在政府因新冠疫情实施封锁期间，同时也是大多数黎巴嫩人夏季假期期间，对18至29岁的社区居住参与者样本进行了一项横断面研究。采用滚雪球技术招募参与者。结果显示，参与者的平均年龄为22.25±2.87岁，其中70.9%为女性。结果显示，216名（46.9%）参与者有智能手机成瘾问题。较高的负面情绪（β=0.17）与更多的智能手机成瘾显著相关，而较高的自尊（β=-0.37）和家庭拥挤指数（β=-1.58）与较少的智能手机成瘾显著相关。自尊在负面情绪与智能手机成瘾之间的关联中起中介作用。黎巴嫩年轻人被发现有较高的智能手机成瘾风险。这些结果可能是朝着实施预防措施以减少智能手机成瘾迈出的第一步。改善面对面交流以及设定特定的手机使用时间可能有助于减少成瘾行为的发展。
