Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Ciudad de México, México.
Rev Neurol. 2021 Nov 1;73(9):315-320. doi: 10.33588/rn.7309.2021364.
To describe clinical characteristics and electrophysiological variants of GBS cases during the pandemic, we carried out a comparative analysis between SARS-CoV2 related GBS and non-SARS-CoV2 patients and then compared to the 2019 cases.
We carried out a cross-sectional study of GBS patients diagnosed according to Asbury and Cornblath criteria. We collected information on clinical and paraclinical variables. We defined a SARS-CoV-2 related GBS case according to the description of Ellul et al. We used Hadden criteria to classify the electrophysiological variants. We performed a comparative analysis between groups.
Fourty-two patients were diagnosed with GBS in 2020, men 64.2%, age 46 ± 17.4 years, patients with obesity/overweight 42.8%, previous diarrhea 31%, history of respiratory tract infection 14.2%. Guillain Barre Disability Scale = 3 points 71.4% and, cranial nerve involvement 69%. The most frequent electrophysiological variant was acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (AIDP) 53.5%. Seven (16.6%) cases were SARS-CoV2 related, four men, age 43.4 ± 13.4 years. When comparing patients with GBS in 2020 vs patients in 2019, we observed a decrease in the previous infection history during 2020 (45.2% vs 73.3%, p-value = 0.005) and a decrease in previous respiratory infection (14.2% vs 33.3%, p = 0.045), as well as a higher frequency of cranial nerve involvement, and albuminocytologic dissociation.
SARS-CoV2 virus infection preventive measures may be impacting the presentation of post-infectious diseases such as GBS. We did not observe an increase in GBS cases during 2020. Also, the AIDP variant were more frequent in our population in the COVID-19 pandemic.
为了描述大流行期间与 SARS-CoV2 相关的吉兰-巴雷综合征（GBS）病例的临床特征和电生理变异，我们对 SARS-CoV2 相关 GBS 患者与非 SARS-CoV2 患者进行了对比分析，并与 2019 年的病例进行了比较。
我们对根据 Asbury 和 Cornblath 标准诊断的 GBS 患者进行了横断面研究。我们收集了临床和实验室变量的信息。我们根据 Ellul 等人的描述定义了 SARS-CoV-2 相关 GBS 病例。我们使用 Hadden 标准对电生理变异进行分类。我们对各组进行了对比分析。
2020 年诊断出 42 例 GBS 患者，男性占 64.2%，年龄 46 ± 17.4 岁，肥胖/超重患者占 42.8%，腹泻史占 31%，呼吸道感染史占 14.2%。吉兰-巴雷残疾量表评分为 3 分者占 71.4%，颅神经受累者占 69%。最常见的电生理变异为急性炎症性脱髓鞘性多发性神经根神经病（AIDP），占 53.5%。7 例（16.6%）为 SARS-CoV2 相关病例，均为男性，年龄 43.4 ± 13.4 岁。与 2019 年的 GBS 患者相比，我们观察到 2020 年患者的既往感染史减少（45.2%比 73.3%，p 值=0.005），既往呼吸道感染减少（14.2%比 33.3%，p=0.045），以及颅神经受累和白蛋白细胞分离的频率增加。
SARS-CoV2 病毒感染预防措施可能会影响到感染后疾病（如 GBS）的表现。我们没有观察到 2020 年 GBS 病例的增加。此外，在 COVID-19 大流行期间，我们人群中 AIDP 变异更为常见。
