Ahmadabadi Farzad, Taghdiri Mohammadmahdi, Nasehi MohammadMahdi, Khanipour Elaheh, Akbari Samia
Pediatric Neurology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Pediatric Neurology Department, Mofid Children's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Iran J Child Neurol. 2024 Fall;18(4):71-79. doi: 10.22037/ijcn.v18i4.43818. Epub 2024 Sep 29.
Based on case reports, researchers have observed the incidence and clinical manifestations of Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) following COVID-19 infection. Current hypotheses suggest that the risk of GBS may increase with COVID-19, and worsening GBS could elevate the risk of infection and exposure to the virus. This study aimed to assess the cognitive epidemic and mortality of children under 15 years of age with GBS during the COVID-19 pandemic and to compare them to two years earlier without addressing the etiology.
MATERIALS & METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted on all children admitted to Iranian hospitals with a diagnosis of GBS and whose clinical information was available in the national flaccid paralysis patient information registration system between April 2018 and April 2021.
The total number of registered cases of GBS in the pre-COVID-19 period and during this period was 778 cases and 504 cases, respectively (total N=1282), indicating a decrease in registered GBS during COVID-19. The mean age of the patients in the pre-COVID-19 period was 9.00 ± 2.78 years, and during the COVID-19, it was 8.99 ± 2.03 years (P-value =0.998). No significant difference was found in gender distribution between the two periods (P-value =0.427). The total number of paralysis cases studied after 60 days was 14.3% before the COVID-19 period and 17.3% during the pandemic (P-value =0.216). The mortality rate in patients with GBS was 0.13% in the pre-COVID-19 period and 0.19% in the COVID-19 period (P-value =0.757).
Despite the decline in the frequency of diagnosis and referrals of patients with GBS during the COVID-19 period, no difference was found in the demographic characteristics and clinical outcomes of children with GBS in the pre-COVID-19 period and during this pandemic.
基于病例报告，研究人员观察了新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）感染后吉兰-巴雷综合征（GBS）的发病率和临床表现。目前的假说表明，GBS的风险可能随COVID-19而增加，而GBS病情恶化可能会增加感染和接触该病毒的风险。本研究旨在评估COVID-19大流行期间15岁以下GBS患儿的认知流行情况和死亡率，并将其与两年前进行比较，未探讨病因。
本横断面研究针对2018年4月至2021年4月期间在伊朗医院确诊为GBS且临床信息可在国家弛缓性麻痹患者信息登记系统中获取的所有儿童进行。
COVID-19大流行前和期间GBS的登记病例总数分别为778例和504例（总计N=1282），表明COVID-19期间GBS登记病例数有所减少。COVID-19大流行前患者的平均年龄为9.00±2.78岁，COVID-19期间为8.99±2.03岁（P值=0.998）。两个时期的性别分布无显著差异（P值=0.427）。60天后研究的麻痹病例总数在COVID-19大流行前为14.3%，大流行期间为17.3%（P值=0.216）。GBS患者的死亡率在COVID-19大流行前为0.13%，在COVID-19期间为0.19%（P值=0.757）。
尽管COVID-19期间GBS患者的诊断和转诊频率有所下降，但COVID-19大流行前和期间GBS患儿的人口统计学特征和临床结局并无差异。
