Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Lemminkäisenkatu 2, 20520, Turku, Finland.
Clin Oral Investig. 2022 Jan;26(1):119-129. doi: 10.1007/s00784-021-04225-8. Epub 2021 Oct 22.
A systematic review of published data was conducted with the aim of assessing the effects of xylitol consumption on the amount of dental plaque.
Electronic and hand searches were performed to find clinical studies concerning the effects of xylitol chewing gum or candies on dental plaque. Prospective randomized controlled clinical trials published between 1971 and 2020 conducted in healthy subjects were included in the review.
The initial search identified 424 xylitol articles. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, altogether 14 articles (16 studies) were reviewed. The review identified 12 of the total of 14 xylitol chewing gum studies as having fair or high quality. In 13 of the 14 chewing gum studies, xylitol gum decreased plaque accumulation. In six studies, xylitol gum chewing decreased plaque compared to sorbitol gum, and in three studies compared to gum base/no gum. In three fair-quality studies conducted with xylitol candies, plaque accumulation did not change.
Habitual xylitol gum chewing appears to show plaque-reducing effects that differ from those of sorbitol gum. This suggests specific effects for xylitol on plaque accumulation. Xylitol candies appear not to decrease plaque. The heterogeneity of the studies warrants further research. Clinical relevance Habitual xylitol gum chewing is likely to decrease plaque.
系统回顾已发表的数据，旨在评估木糖醇摄入对牙菌斑量的影响。
进行电子和手工检索，以寻找关于木糖醇咀嚼胶或糖果对牙菌斑影响的临床研究。本综述纳入了 1971 年至 2020 年间在健康受试者中进行的前瞻性随机对照临床试验。
最初的搜索确定了 424 篇关于木糖醇的文章。在应用纳入和排除标准后，共综述了 14 篇文章（16 项研究）。综述确定了 12 项总共有 14 项木糖醇咀嚼胶研究具有良好或高质量。在 13 项咀嚼胶研究中，木糖醇胶减少了菌斑的积累。在 6 项研究中，与山梨糖醇胶相比，木糖醇胶咀嚼可减少菌斑，在 3 项研究中，与胶基/无胶相比，木糖醇胶咀嚼可减少菌斑。在 3 项使用木糖醇糖的高质量研究中，菌斑积累没有变化。
习惯性咀嚼木糖醇胶似乎显示出与山梨糖醇胶不同的减少菌斑的效果。这表明木糖醇对菌斑积累有特定的影响。木糖醇糖似乎不会减少菌斑。研究的异质性需要进一步研究。临床意义习惯性咀嚼木糖醇胶可能会减少菌斑。
