Laboratoire Parole et Langage, Aix-Marseille Université & CNRS, Aix-en-Provence, France.
PLoS One. 2021 Oct 22;16(10):e0258908. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258908. eCollection 2021.
The closure of cognitive psychology labs around the world due to the COVID-19 pandemic has prevented in-person testing. This has caused a particular challenge for speech production researchers, as before the pandemic there were no studies demonstrating that reliable overt speech production data could be collected via the internet. Here, we present evidence that both accurate and reliable overt articulation data can be collected from internet-based speech production experiments. We tested 100 participants in a picture naming paradigm, where we manipulated the word and phonotactic frequency of the picture names. We compared our results to a lab-based study conducted on different participants which used the same materials and design. We found a significant word frequency effect but no phonotactic frequency effect, fully replicating the lab-based results. Effect sizes were similar between experiments, but with significantly longer latencies in the internet-collected data. We found no evidence that internet upload or download speed affected either naming latencies or errors. In addition, we carried out a permutation-style analysis which recommends a minimum sample size of 40 participants for online production paradigms. In sum, our study demonstrates that internet-based testing of speech production is a feasible and promising endeavour, with less challenges than many researchers (anecdotally) assumed.
由于 COVID-19 大流行，世界各地的认知心理学实验室关闭，这使得无法进行面对面测试。这对言语产生研究人员来说是一个特别的挑战，因为在大流行之前，没有研究证明可以通过互联网可靠地收集公开的言语产生数据。在这里，我们提供了证据，证明可以从基于互联网的言语产生实验中收集到准确和可靠的公开发音数据。我们在图片命名范式中测试了 100 名参与者，其中我们操纵了图片名称的单词和音韵规则频率。我们将结果与在不同参与者中进行的基于实验室的研究进行了比较，该研究使用了相同的材料和设计。我们发现了显著的单词频率效应，但没有音韵规则频率效应，完全复制了基于实验室的结果。实验之间的效应大小相似，但在互联网收集的数据中潜伏期明显更长。我们没有发现互联网上传或下载速度会影响命名潜伏期或错误的证据。此外，我们进行了一种排列样式分析，该分析建议在线产生范式的最小样本量为 40 名参与者。总之，我们的研究表明，基于互联网的言语产生测试是一种可行且有前途的努力，其挑战比许多研究人员（传闻）认为的要小。
