School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland.
Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, 00271 Helsinki, Finland.
Nutrients. 2021 Oct 13;13(10):3583. doi: 10.3390/nu13103583.
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasing rapidly worldwide. A healthy diet supporting the control of energy intake and body weight has major importance in the prevention of T2D. For example, a high intake of whole grain foods (WGF) has been shown to be inversely associated with risk for T2D. The objective of the study was to estimate the expected health economic impacts of increased WGF consumption to decrease the incidence of T2D in the Finnish adult population. A health economic model utilizing data from multiple national databases and published scientific literature was constructed to estimate these population-level health economic consequences. Among the adult Finnish population, increased WGF consumption could reduce T2D-related costs between 286€ and 989€ million during the next 10-year time horizon depending on the applied scenario (i.e., a 10%-unit increase in a proportion of daily WGF users, an increased number (i.e., two or more) of WGF servings a day, or alternatively a combination of these scenarios). Over the next 20-30 years, a population-wide increase in WGF consumption could lead to much higher benefits. Furthermore, depending on the applied scenario, between 1323 and 154,094 quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) could be gained at the population level due to decreased T2D-related morbidity and mortality during the next 10 to 30 years. The results indicate that even when the current level of daily WGF consumption is already at a relatively high-level in a global context, increased WGF consumption could lead to important health gains and savings in the Finnish adult population.
2 型糖尿病（T2D）的患病率在全球范围内迅速上升。支持控制能量摄入和体重的健康饮食在预防 T2D 方面具有重要意义。例如，大量摄入全谷物食品（WGF）与 T2D 风险呈负相关。本研究的目的是估计增加 WGF 消费以降低芬兰成年人群 T2D 发病率的预期健康经济影响。利用来自多个国家数据库和已发表科学文献的数据构建了一个健康经济模型，以估计这些人群健康经济后果。在芬兰成年人群中，根据应用情景的不同，增加 WGF 消费在未来 10 年内可减少与 T2D 相关的成本 2.86 亿至 9.89 亿欧元（即每日 WGF 使用者比例增加 10%，每日 WGF 食用量增加（即两份或两份以上），或这两种情景的组合）。在未来 20-30 年内，全人群增加 WGF 消费可能会带来更高的效益。此外，根据应用情景的不同，在未来 10 至 30 年内，由于 T2D 相关发病率和死亡率降低，人群水平可获得 1323 至 154094 个质量调整生命年（QALY）。结果表明，即使在全球范围内，目前每日 WGF 消费水平已经相对较高，增加 WGF 消费仍可在芬兰成年人群中带来重要的健康收益和节省。
