Stem Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Chennai 600036, India.
Heat Transfer and Thermal Power Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India.
Cells. 2021 Sep 25;10(10):2538. doi: 10.3390/cells10102538.
Myocardium Infarction (MI) is one of the foremost cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) causing death worldwide, and its case numbers are expected to continuously increase in the coming years. Pharmacological interventions have not been at the forefront in ameliorating MI-related morbidity and mortality. Stem cell-based tissue engineering approaches have been extensively explored for their regenerative potential in the infarcted myocardium. Recent studies on microfluidic devices employing stem cells under laboratory set-up have revealed meticulous events pertaining to the pathophysiology of MI occurring at the infarcted site. This discovery also underpins the appropriate conditions in the niche for differentiating stem cells into mature cardiomyocyte-like cells and leads to engineering of the scaffold via mimicking of native cardiac physiological conditions. However, the mode of stem cell-loaded engineered scaffolds delivered to the site of infarction is still a challenging mission, and yet to be translated to the clinical setting. In this review, we have elucidated the various strategies developed using a hydrogel-based system both as encapsulated stem cells and as biocompatible patches loaded with cells and applied at the site of infarction.
心肌梗死（MI）是全球范围内导致死亡的首要心血管疾病（CVDs）之一，预计未来几年其病例数量将持续增加。药物干预措施在改善 MI 相关发病率和死亡率方面并未处于前沿地位。基于干细胞的组织工程方法因其在梗死心肌中的再生潜力而得到广泛探索。最近在实验室环境下使用干细胞的微流控装置研究揭示了与梗死部位 MI 发生相关的细致病理生理学事件。这一发现还为分化干细胞为成熟心肌细胞样细胞的合适条件提供了基础，并通过模拟天然心脏生理条件来实现支架的工程化。然而，将负载干细胞的工程支架递送到梗死部位的方式仍然是一个具有挑战性的任务，尚未转化为临床应用。在这篇综述中，我们阐述了使用基于水凝胶的系统开发的各种策略，包括封装的干细胞和负载细胞的生物相容性贴片，并将其应用于梗死部位。
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