Chong Jin Jian, Tan Yan Zhi, Chew Lita Sui Tjien, Tan Kok Hian, Wang Aiwen
J Am Pharm Assoc (2003). 2022 Jan-Feb;62(1):86-94.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.japh.2021.09.013. Epub 2021 Oct 2.
Burnout describes emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP), and low personal achievement caused by work and is known to bring about negative consequences to practitioners, patients, and health systems. Various organizational and personal factors, such as organizational strategies and resilience, have been associated with this phenomenon. However, there is a paucity of data describing the prevalence of burnout among pharmacy staff within Singapore and Asia, especially in the pharmacy technician (PT) population.
This study aimed to (1) quantify burnout in PTs in patient-care sectors in Singapore and (2) explore factors that may be associated with burnout.
A cross-sectional survey among PTs in patient-care areas in Singapore, which includes hospitals, primary and secondary care institutions, and retail pharmacies, across both public and private sectors was conducted from February to April 2020. The Maslach Burnout Inventory - Human Services Survey and Brief Resilience Scale were used to assess burnout and resilience among participants. Demographic, employment, and well-being information were also collected and summarized. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were used to assess associations between burnout and potential risk and impact factors.
Slightly more than half (52.0%) of PTs reported burnout (EE score ≥27 or DP ≥10 or both). Statistically significant factors associated with burnout include resilience, age, years of experience, ethnicity, marital status, nationality, highest qualifications, pharmacy-related certification, full-time employment status, and work hours. Impact associated with burnout includes intent for job change, job satisfaction, sleep, and presence of mental conditions. Statistically significant reported reasons for burnout and ways to build resilience were also elucidated.
Burnout affects most PTs in Singapore and is primarily driven by workload and nature of their work, low resilience, and poor social support structures. National and organizational efforts are needed to arrest the vicious cycle that propagates burnout in PTs.
职业倦怠描述的是由工作导致的情感耗竭（EE）、去个性化（DP）和个人成就感低落，并且已知会给从业者、患者和卫生系统带来负面后果。各种组织和个人因素，如组织策略和心理韧性，都与这一现象有关。然而，描述新加坡及亚洲药剂师群体职业倦怠患病率的数据匮乏，尤其是在药房技术员（PT）人群中。
本研究旨在（1）量化新加坡患者护理部门PT的职业倦怠情况，以及（2）探索可能与职业倦怠相关的因素。
2020年2月至4月，对新加坡患者护理领域的PT进行了一项横断面调查，这些领域包括医院、初级和二级医疗机构以及零售药房，涵盖公共和私营部门。采用马氏职业倦怠量表-人类服务调查和简易心理韧性量表来评估参与者的职业倦怠和心理韧性。还收集并汇总了人口统计学、就业和幸福感信息。采用单因素分析和多因素逻辑回归来评估职业倦怠与潜在风险及影响因素之间的关联。
略超过一半（52.0%）的PT报告存在职业倦怠（EE得分≥27或DP≥10或两者皆有）。与职业倦怠相关的具有统计学意义的因素包括心理韧性、年龄、工作年限、种族、婚姻状况、国籍、最高学历、药学相关认证、全职就业状况和工作时长。与职业倦怠相关的影响包括换工作意向、工作满意度、睡眠和精神状况。还阐明了职业倦怠的具有统计学意义的报告原因以及增强心理韧性的方法。
职业倦怠影响着新加坡大多数PT，其主要由工作负荷、工作性质、心理韧性低和社会支持结构差所驱动。需要国家和组织层面的努力来阻止在PT中传播职业倦怠的恶性循环。
