Bai Geng-Hao, Tsai Meng-Chen, Tsai Han-Wei, Chang Chun-Chao, Hou Wen-Hsuan
School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
Center of Evidence-Based Medicine, Department of Education, Taipei Medical University Hospital, 252 Wu-Xing Street, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
Eur J Nutr. 2022 Mar;61(2):637-651. doi: 10.1007/s00394-021-02710-0. Epub 2021 Oct 27.
According to criteria recommended by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2), we analyzed the effects of branched-chain amino acid (BCAA)-rich supplements on muscle strength, muscle mass, and physical performance in older people.
We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL from inception until March 2021. Randomized controlled trials that examined the effect of BCAA-rich supplements on older people were included. Random-effects meta-analyses and sensitivity analyses were performed. Subgroup analyses were stratified by participant and supplementation characteristics. Meta-regression analyses were performed to examine the effect of continuous variables.
Thirty-five studies were included in this meta-analysis. Quality assessment revealed that 14 of 35 RCTs had some potential bias. The overall standardized mean difference (SMD) in muscle strength, muscle mass, and physical performance between the supplement and control groups was 0.35 (95% CI = [0.15, 0.55], P = 0.0007), 0.25 (95% CI = [0.10, 0.40], P = 0.0008), and 0.29 (95% CI = [0.00, 0.57], P = 0.05), respectively. Subgroup analysis revealed that essential amino acid supplementation improved handgrip strength more significantly than whey protein supplementation in older people. Meta-regression analysis revealed a significant linear relationship between improvements in handgrip strength and body mass index.
BCAA-rich supplementation by older people may have beneficial effects on muscle mass and strength. However, the included studies had high heterogeneity, and the results must be interpreted with caution.
CRD42020206674.
根据欧洲老年人肌肉减少症工作组2（EWGSOP2）推荐的标准，我们分析了富含支链氨基酸（BCAA）的补充剂对老年人肌肉力量、肌肉质量和身体机能的影响。
我们检索了从创刊至2021年3月的PubMed、Embase、Cochrane图书馆和CINAHL。纳入了研究富含BCAA补充剂对老年人影响的随机对照试验。进行随机效应荟萃分析和敏感性分析。亚组分析按参与者和补充剂特征分层。进行元回归分析以检验连续变量的影响。
本荟萃分析纳入了35项研究。质量评估显示，35项随机对照试验中有14项存在一些潜在偏倚。补充剂组与对照组之间肌肉力量、肌肉质量和身体机能的总体标准化均值差（SMD）分别为0.35（95%CI = [0.15, 0.55]，P = 0.0007）、0.25（95%CI = [0.10, 0.40]，P = 0.0008）和0.29（95%CI = [0.00, 0.57]，P = 0.05）。亚组分析显示，补充必需氨基酸比补充乳清蛋白能更显著地提高老年人的握力。元回归分析显示握力改善与体重指数之间存在显著的线性关系。
老年人补充富含BCAA的物质可能对肌肉质量和力量有有益影响。然而，纳入的研究具有高度异质性，结果必须谨慎解释。
PROSPERO注册号：CRD42020206674。
