Bijani Soroush, Dizaji Rana, Sharafi Ali, Hosseini Mir-Jamal
Zanjan Applied Pharmacology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 45139-56184, Zanjan, Iran.
Neurochem Res. 2022 Mar;47(3):644-655. doi: 10.1007/s11064-021-03473-0. Epub 2021 Oct 27.
Apigenin, as a natural flavonoid present in several plants is characterized with potential anticancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. Recent studies proposed that apigenin affects depression disorder through unknown mechanistic pathways. The effects of apigenin's anti-depressive properties on streptozocin-mediated depression have been investigated through the evaluation of behavioral tests, oxidative stress, cellular energy homeostasis and inflammatory responses. The results demonstrated anti-depressive properties of apigenin in behavioral test including forced swimming and splash tests and oxidative stress biomarkers such as reduced glutathione, lipid peroxidation, total antioxidant power and coenzyme Q levels. Apigenin, also, demonstrated its regulatory potency in cellular energy homeostasis and immune system gene expression through inhibiting Nlrp3 and Tlr4 overexpression. Furthermore, failure in energy production as the key factor in various psychiatric disorders was reversed by apigenin modulating effect on AMPK gene expression. Overall, 20 mg/kg of apigenin was recognized as the dose suitable for minimizing the undesirable adverse effects in the STZ-mediated depression model proposed in this study. Our data suggested that apigenin could be able to adjust behavioral dysfunction, biochemical biomarkers and recovered cellular antioxidant level in depressed animals. The surprising results were achieved by raise in COQ level, which could regulate the overexpression of the AMPK gene in stressful conditions. The regulatory effect of apigenin in inflammatory signaling pathways such as Nlrp3, and Tlr4 gene expression was studied at the surface part of the hippocampus.
芹菜素作为一种存在于多种植物中的天然黄酮类化合物，具有潜在的抗癌、抗氧化和抗炎特性。最近的研究表明，芹菜素通过未知的机制途径影响抑郁症。通过行为测试、氧化应激、细胞能量稳态和炎症反应的评估，研究了芹菜素的抗抑郁特性对链脲佐菌素介导的抑郁症的影响。结果表明，芹菜素在强迫游泳和飞溅试验等行为测试以及氧化应激生物标志物（如还原型谷胱甘肽、脂质过氧化、总抗氧化能力和辅酶Q水平）方面具有抗抑郁特性。芹菜素还通过抑制Nlrp3和Tlr4的过表达，在细胞能量稳态和免疫系统基因表达方面显示出其调节作用。此外，芹菜素对AMPK基因表达的调节作用逆转了能量产生失败这一各种精神疾病的关键因素。总体而言，20mg/kg的芹菜素被认为是本研究提出的链脲佐菌素介导的抑郁症模型中最小化不良副作用的合适剂量。我们的数据表明，芹菜素能够调节抑郁动物的行为功能障碍、生化生物标志物并恢复细胞抗氧化水平。辅酶Q水平的升高取得了令人惊讶的结果，辅酶Q水平的升高可以在应激条件下调节AMPK基因的过表达。在海马体表面部分研究了芹菜素在Nlrp3和Tlr4基因表达等炎症信号通路中的调节作用。
