Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
Biomater Sci. 2021 Nov 23;9(23):7705-7747. doi: 10.1039/d1bm01211h.
Diabetic wounds often indicate chronic complications that are difficult to treat. Unfortunately, existing conventional treatment modalities often cause unpremeditated side effects, given the need to develop alternative therapeutic phenotypes that are safe or have minimal side effects and risks. Nanotechnology-based platforms, including nanotherapeutics, nanoparticles (NPs), nanofibers, nanohydrogels, and nanoscaffolds, have garnered attention for their groundbreaking potential to decipher the biological environment and offer personalized treatment methods for wound healing. These nanotechnology-based platforms can successfully overcome the impediments posed by drug toxicity, existing treatment modalities, and the physiology and complexity of the wound sites. Furthermore, studies have shown that they play an essential role in influencing angiogenesis, collagen production, and extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis, which are integral in skin repair mechanisms. In this review, we emphasized the importance of various nanotechnology-based platforms for healing diabetic wounds and report on the innovative preclinical and clinical outcomes of different nanotechnology-based platforms. This review also outlined the limitations of existing conventional treatment modalities and summarized the physiology of acute and chronic diabetic wounds.
糖尿病伤口通常表明存在难以治疗的慢性并发症。不幸的是，由于需要开发安全或副作用和风险最小的替代治疗表型，现有的常规治疗方法往往会造成意想不到的副作用。基于纳米技术的平台，包括纳米药物、纳米粒子 (NPs)、纳米纤维、纳米水凝胶和纳米支架，由于其具有破解生物环境的开创性潜力，并为伤口愈合提供个性化的治疗方法，因此备受关注。这些基于纳米技术的平台可以成功克服药物毒性、现有治疗方法以及伤口部位的生理学和复杂性带来的障碍。此外，研究表明，它们在影响血管生成、胶原蛋白产生和细胞外基质 (ECM) 合成方面发挥着重要作用，而这些都是皮肤修复机制的重要组成部分。在这篇综述中，我们强调了各种基于纳米技术的平台在治疗糖尿病伤口方面的重要性，并报告了不同基于纳米技术的平台的创新临床前和临床结果。这篇综述还概述了现有常规治疗方法的局限性，并总结了急性和慢性糖尿病伤口的生理学。
