Drug Development and Technology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
J Drug Target. 2022 Dec;30(10):1034-1054. doi: 10.1080/1061186X.2022.2092624. Epub 2022 Jun 30.
Diabetic wounds are one of the most common health problems worldwide, enhancing the demand for new management strategies. Nanotechnology, as a developing subject in diabetic wound healing, is proving to be a promising and effective tool in treatment and care. It is, therefore, necessary to ascertain the available and distinct nanosystems and evaluate their performance when topically applied to the injury site, especially in diabetic wound healing. Several active ingredients, including bioactive ingredients, growth factors, mesenchymal stem cells, nucleic acids, and drugs, benefit from improved properties when loaded into nanosystems. Given the risk of problems associated with systemic administration, the topical application should be considered, provided stability and efficacy are assured. After nanoencapsulation, active ingredients-loaded nanosystems have been showing remarkable features of biocompatibility, healing process hastening, angiogenesis, and extracellular matrix compounds synthesis stimulation, contributing to a decrease in wound inflammation. Despite limitations, nanotechnology has attracted widespread attention in the scientific community and seems to be a valuable technological ally in the treatment and dressing of diabetic wounds. The use of nanotechnology in topical applications enables efficient delivery of the active ingredients to the specific skin site, increasing their bioavailability, stability, and half-life time, without compromising their safety.
糖尿病性伤口是全球最常见的健康问题之一，这增加了对新的管理策略的需求。纳米技术作为糖尿病伤口愈合领域的一个新兴学科，已被证明是一种有前途且有效的治疗和护理工具。因此，有必要确定现有的不同纳米系统，并评估它们在局部应用于损伤部位时的性能，特别是在糖尿病性伤口愈合方面。几种活性成分，包括生物活性成分、生长因子、间充质干细胞、核酸和药物，当其负载于纳米系统中时，其性能得到改善。考虑到全身给药相关问题的风险，应考虑局部应用，前提是要确保稳定性和疗效。纳米包封后，负载活性成分的纳米系统表现出显著的生物相容性、促进愈合过程、刺激血管生成和细胞外基质化合物合成的特点，有助于减少伤口炎症。尽管存在局限性，但纳米技术已引起科学界的广泛关注，并且似乎是治疗和处理糖尿病性伤口的有价值的技术盟友。纳米技术在局部应用中的使用能够将活性成分高效递送至特定的皮肤部位，增加其生物利用度、稳定性和半衰期，同时不影响其安全性。
