University College London, Medical School, London, United Kingdom.
Rev Diabet Stud. 2020;16(1):1-12. doi: 10.1900/RDS.2020.16.1. Epub 2020 Jun 30.
Diabetic wounds have a large and increasing burden on the healthcare of the UK. Currently, none of the standard treatment options for the treatment of diabetic wounds specifically target the physiological processes behind their enhanced severity. This review evaluated recent studies in the field of nanotechnology concerned with treating diabetic wounds. The studies had each developed novel therapeutics involving nanomedicines that sought to either enhance angiogenesis, the construction of new blood vessels, or increase collagen production, as well as limit the augmented inflammation, in wounds in diabetic rat or mice models. The investigations tended to either target specific antiinflammatory or pro-proliferative receptors on endogenous cells, or transport growth factors to the wound. Previous studies have shown the beneficial effects of growth factors on healing, but they are easily broken down. By transporting them in nanoscaffolds and liposomes, it has been shown that the longevity of growth factors can be enhanced. Gold nanoparticle matrices have also been shown to have a beneficial effect on healing, by both conveying proliferative factors and independently triggering angiogenesis and collagen production. The most impressive results in the review were achieved by nanomedicines involving multiple growth factors, hence, the review will highlight the beneficial factors to wound healing and suggest a composite therapy to be trialled in the future. The review will evaluate each set of papers using similar nanomedicines and highlight the challenges of transferring this therapy to the clinic.
糖尿病伤口给英国的医疗保健带来了巨大且日益增加的负担。目前，针对糖尿病伤口的治疗方法中，没有一种标准治疗方法专门针对其严重程度增加的生理过程。本综述评估了纳米技术领域中最近治疗糖尿病伤口的研究。这些研究都开发了涉及纳米医学的新型治疗方法，旨在增强血管生成（新血管的构建）或增加胶原蛋白的产生，同时限制糖尿病大鼠或小鼠模型中伤口的炎症过度。这些研究倾向于针对内源性细胞上的特定抗炎或促增殖受体，或向伤口输送生长因子。先前的研究表明生长因子对愈合有有益的影响，但它们很容易被分解。通过将它们运输到纳米支架和脂质体中，可以提高生长因子的寿命。金纳米颗粒基质也通过传递增殖因子和独立触发血管生成和胶原蛋白的产生对愈合有有益的影响。综述中最令人印象深刻的结果是涉及多种生长因子的纳米药物实现的，因此，本综述将重点介绍对伤口愈合有益的因素，并建议在未来进行复合疗法的临床试验。本综述将使用类似的纳米药物评估每组论文，并强调将这种治疗方法转化为临床应用的挑战。
