Lecturer, Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Oral Medicine & Radiology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, SBV University, India.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2021 Oct 1;22(10):3109-3114. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2021.22.10.3109.
A healthy microbiome is important for human health because it exhibits a variety of functions in the human body wherein the microbiome dysbiosis can lead to a variety of diseases, including cancer. Recent advances in technology and cost reduction of sequencing have made it possible and much easier for researchers to investigate the role of the microbiome in carcinogenesis. Furthermore, modulation of microflora may serve as an effective adjunct to conventional anticancer therapy that is very important to improve the patient's quality of life. Additionally, microbiome biomarkers can also be used as a diagnostic tool for cancer. So far the association between oral microbial consortia and their interactions with the host in maintaining the human health and the pathogenesis of multiple cancers has gained much popularity in the scientific research community. While the interactions of oral microflora are better established in cancer- like gastric cancer, it is far less understood in others like breast cancer. Therefore, this review briefly outlines the current information on the role of oral microbiota in breast cancer with emphasis on the mechanisms of oral microflora induced carcinogenesis and discusses the emerging role of periodontitis as a risk factor for breast cancer. Clinical relevance; Periodontitis is a very common disease that is characterized by chronic polymicrobial infection and inflammation of gingiva. It might be associated as a risk factor for breast cancer. If this association is validated in large cohort studies, it would serve as a non-invasive biomarker for breast cancer.
健康的微生物组对人类健康很重要，因为它在人体中表现出多种功能，而微生物组失调可能导致多种疾病，包括癌症。技术的进步和测序成本的降低使得研究人员能够更轻松地研究微生物组在致癌作用中的作用。此外，调节微生物群落可能作为传统抗癌治疗的有效辅助手段，这对于提高患者的生活质量非常重要。此外，微生物组生物标志物也可用作癌症的诊断工具。到目前为止，口腔微生物群落及其与宿主相互作用在维持人类健康和多种癌症发病机制方面的关系在科学界引起了广泛关注。虽然口腔微生物群的相互作用在癌症（如胃癌）中得到了更好的确立，但在其他癌症（如乳腺癌）中则知之甚少。因此，本综述简要概述了口腔微生物群在乳腺癌中的作用的现有信息，重点讨论了口腔微生物群诱导致癌的机制，并讨论了牙周炎作为乳腺癌风险因素的新出现作用。临床相关性；牙周炎是一种非常常见的疾病，其特征是慢性多微生物感染和牙龈炎症。它可能与乳腺癌的风险因素有关。如果这种关联在大型队列研究中得到验证，它将成为乳腺癌的非侵入性生物标志物。
