Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.
Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.
J Reprod Immunol. 2021 Jun;145:103293. doi: 10.1016/j.jri.2021.103293. Epub 2021 Feb 19.
The oral cavity contains the second most complex microbial population within the human body, with more than 700 bacterial organisms. Recent advances in Next Generation Sequencing technology have unraveled the complexities of the oral microbiome and provided valuable insights into its role in health and disease. The human oral microbiome varies dramatically during the different stages of life, including pregnancy. The total viable microbial counts in pregnant women are known to be higher compared to non-pregnant women, especially in the first trimester of pregnancy. A balanced oral microbiome is vital for a healthy pregnancy, as perturbations in the oral microbiome composition can contribute to pregnancy complications. On the other hand, physiological changes and differences in hormonal levels during pregnancy, increase susceptibility to various oral diseases such as gingivitis and periodontitis. A growing body of evidence supports the link between the composition of the oral microbiome and adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preterm birth, preeclampsia, low birth weight among others. This review aims to summarize the dynamics of oral microbiome during pregnancy and to discuss the relationship between a dysbiotic oral microbiome and pregnancy complications.
口腔中含有人体内第二复杂的微生物群体，其中有超过 700 种细菌。新一代测序技术的最新进展揭示了口腔微生物组的复杂性，并为其在健康和疾病中的作用提供了有价值的见解。人类口腔微生物组在生命的不同阶段（包括怀孕期间）会发生巨大变化。与非孕妇相比，孕妇的总活菌数已知更高，尤其是在怀孕的第一个三个月。一个平衡的口腔微生物组对于健康的怀孕至关重要，因为口腔微生物组组成的紊乱可能会导致怀孕并发症。另一方面，怀孕期间的生理变化和激素水平的差异会增加各种口腔疾病（如牙龈炎和牙周炎）的易感性。越来越多的证据支持口腔微生物组的组成与不良妊娠结局（如早产、子痫前期、低出生体重等）之间的联系。本篇综述旨在总结怀孕期间口腔微生物组的动态，并讨论失调的口腔微生物组与妊娠并发症之间的关系。
