Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, India.
Department of Surgical Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221 005, India.
World J Surg Oncol. 2021 Oct 28;19(1):315. doi: 10.1186/s12957-021-02423-y.
Head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) is the most common cancer associated with chewing tobacco, in the world. As this is divided in to sites and subsites, it does not make it to top 10 cancers. The most common subsite is the oral cancer. At the time of diagnosis, more than 50% of patients with oral squamous cell cancers (OSCC) had advanced disease, indicating the lack of availability of early detection and risk assessment biomarkers. The new protein biomarker development and discovery will aid in early diagnosis and treatment which lead to targeted treatment and ultimately a good prognosis.
This systematic review was performed as per PRISMA guidelines. All relevant studies assessing characteristics of oral cancer and proteomics were considered for analysis. Only human studies published in English were included, and abstracts, incomplete articles, and cell line or animal studies were excluded.
A total of 308 articles were found, of which 112 were found to be relevant after exclusion. The present review focuses on techniques of cancer proteomics and discovery of biomarkers using these techniques. The signature of protein expression may be used to predict drug response and clinical course of disease and could be used to individualize therapy with such knowledge.
Prospective use of these markers in the clinical setting will enable early detection, prediction of response to treatment, improvement in treatment selection, and early detection of tumor recurrence for disease monitoring. However, most of these markers for OSCC are yet to be validated.
头颈部鳞状细胞癌（HNSCC）是世界上与咀嚼烟草相关的最常见癌症。由于它分为部位和亚部位，因此并未进入十大癌症之列。最常见的亚部位是口腔癌。在诊断时，超过 50%的口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）患者患有晚期疾病，这表明缺乏早期检测和风险评估生物标志物。新的蛋白质生物标志物的开发和发现将有助于早期诊断和治疗，从而实现靶向治疗，并最终获得良好的预后。
本系统评价按照 PRISMA 指南进行。所有评估口腔癌和蛋白质组学特征的相关研究都被考虑进行分析。仅纳入以英语发表的人类研究，排除摘要、不完整的文章以及细胞系或动物研究。
共发现 308 篇文章，其中 112 篇在排除后被认为是相关的。本综述重点介绍了癌症蛋白质组学技术以及使用这些技术发现生物标志物。蛋白质表达特征可用于预测药物反应和疾病的临床过程，并可用于根据这些知识对个体化治疗。
前瞻性地将这些标志物用于临床将能够实现早期检测、治疗反应预测、治疗选择的改善以及疾病监测中的肿瘤复发的早期检测。然而，大多数 OSCC 的这些标志物仍有待验证。
