Wille Lukas, Kurmann Mario, Messmer Monika M, Studer Bruno, Hohmann Pierre
Department of Crop Sciences, Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL), Frick, Switzerland.
Molecular Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Front Plant Sci. 2021 Oct 12;12:737820. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2021.737820. eCollection 2021.
Plant health is recognised as a key element to ensure global food security. While plant breeding has substantially improved crop resistance against individual pathogens, it showed limited success for diseases caused by the interaction of multiple pathogens such as root rot in pea ( L.). To untangle the causal agents of the pea root rot complex and determine the role of the plant genotype in shaping its own detrimental or beneficial microbiome, fungal and oomycete root rot pathogens, as well as previously identified beneficials, i.e., arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and , were qPCR quantified in diseased roots of eight differently resistant pea genotypes grown in four agricultural soils under controlled conditions. We found that soil and pea genotype significantly determined the microbial compositions in diseased pea roots. Despite significant genotype x soil interactions and distinct soil-dependent pathogen complexes, our data revealed key microbial taxa that were associated with plant fitness. Our study indicates the potential of fungal and oomycete markers for plant health and serves as a precedent for other complex plant pathosystems. Such microbial markers can be used to complement plant phenotype- and genotype-based selection strategies to improve disease resistance in one of the world's most important pulse crops of the world.
植物健康被视为确保全球粮食安全的关键要素。虽然植物育种已大幅提高了作物对单一病原体的抗性，但对于由多种病原体相互作用引起的病害，如豌豆（L.）根腐病，其成效有限。为厘清豌豆根腐病复合体的致病因子，并确定植物基因型在塑造自身有害或有益微生物群落中的作用，在可控条件下，对种植于四种农业土壤中的八种抗性不同的豌豆基因型的病株根系，采用定量聚合酶链反应（qPCR）对真菌和卵菌根腐病原体以及先前鉴定出的有益微生物，即丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）和 进行了定量分析。我们发现，土壤和豌豆基因型显著决定了病株豌豆根系中的微生物组成。尽管存在显著的基因型×土壤相互作用以及不同的土壤依赖性病原体复合体，但我们的数据揭示了与植物健康状况相关的关键微生物类群。我们的研究表明了真菌和卵菌标记物对植物健康的潜在作用，并为其他复杂的植物病理系统提供了范例。此类微生物标记物可用于补充基于植物表型和基因型的选择策略，以提高世界上最重要的豆类作物之一的抗病性。
