Orchard John W, Orchard Jessica J, Puranik Rajesh
School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. 2021 Oct 12;7(4):e001227. doi: 10.1136/bmjsem-2021-001227. eCollection 2021.
The coronavirus pandemic has given everyone in society an education on the harms of spread of respiratory illness. Young healthy athletes are far less likely to suffer severe adverse consequences of viral illnesses than the elderly and frail, but they are not completely immune. Chronic fatigue (overtraining) is an uncommon outcome and myocarditis a rare one, but they both warrant due consideration. It is, therefore, a sensible individual strategy to 'stay home when sick' if only for these risks. Traditionally though, athletes have tended to push through (train and play when ill) because of competing concerns, such as key events/matches and 'not wanting to let teammates down'. Data from both low COVID-19 and high COVID-19 countries show that the number of cardiovascular deaths in a society correlates with the number of respiratory deaths at the same time, further linking respiratory viruses to cardiovascular deaths. We are now more aware of public health obligations to prevent the spread of respiratory illnesses, in particular to protect the more vulnerable members the community. This hopefully will correspond with a change in the culture of sport to one where it is considered 'the right thing to do', to 'stay home when sick'.
新冠疫情让社会上的每个人都认识到呼吸道疾病传播的危害。年轻健康的运动员比老年人和体弱者感染病毒后出现严重不良后果的可能性要小得多,但他们并非完全免疫。慢性疲劳(过度训练)是一种不常见的结果,心肌炎则较为罕见,但这两者都值得充分考虑。因此,仅出于这些风险考虑,“生病时居家”是明智的个人策略。不过,传统上,由于诸如关键赛事/比赛以及“不想让队友失望”等相互冲突的因素,运动员往往会坚持到底(生病时仍训练和参赛)。来自新冠疫情低发和高发国家的数据表明,一个社会中心血管疾病死亡人数与同时期呼吸道疾病死亡人数相关,这进一步将呼吸道病毒与心血管疾病死亡联系起来。我们现在更加意识到公共卫生义务,即防止呼吸道疾病传播,尤其是保护社区中更脆弱的成员。这有望促使体育文化发生转变,转变为一种将“生病时居家”视为“正确做法”的文化。