Pinto Rosana V, Carvalho Sílvia, Antunes Fernando, Pires João, Pinto Moisés L
CERENA-Centro de Recursos Naturais e Ambiente, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal.
CQE-Ciências-Centro de Química Estrutural, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande 16, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal.
ChemMedChem. 2022 Jan 5;17(1):e202100429. doi: 10.1002/cmdc.202100429. Epub 2021 Nov 24.
Nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (H S) have been recognized as important signalling molecules involved in multiple physiological functions, including wound healing. Their exogenous delivery has been established as a new route for therapies, being the topical application the nearest to commercialization. Nevertheless, the gaseous nature of these therapeutic agents and their toxicity at high levels imply additional challenges in the design of effective delivery systems, including the tailoring of their morphology and surface chemistry to get controllable release kinetics and suitable lifetimes. This review highlights the increasing interest in the use of these gases in wound healing applications by presenting the various potential strategies in which NO and/or H S are the main therapeutic agents, with focus on their conceptual design, release behaviour and therapeutic performance. These strategies comprise the application of several types of nanoparticles, polymers, porous materials, and composites as new releasing carriers of NO and H S, with characteristics that will facilitate the application of these molecules in the clinical practice.
一氧化氮（NO）和硫化氢（H₂S）已被公认为参与多种生理功能（包括伤口愈合）的重要信号分子。它们的外源性递送已被确立为一种新的治疗途径，其中局部应用最接近商业化。然而，这些治疗剂的气态性质及其在高浓度下的毒性意味着在设计有效的递送系统时存在额外的挑战，包括调整其形态和表面化学以获得可控的释放动力学和合适的寿命。本综述通过介绍以NO和/或H₂S为主要治疗剂的各种潜在策略，突出了在伤口愈合应用中使用这些气体的兴趣日益增加，重点关注其概念设计、释放行为和治疗性能。这些策略包括应用几种类型的纳米颗粒、聚合物、多孔材料和复合材料作为NO和H₂S的新型释放载体，其特性将有助于这些分子在临床实践中的应用。
