Neuroscience Graduate Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, USA.
Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2021 Oct;150(4):3176. doi: 10.1121/10.0006658.
The relationship between sound duration and detection threshold has long been thought to reflect temporal integration. Reports of species differences in this relationship are equivocal: some meta-analyses report no species differences, whereas others report substantial differences, particularly between humans and their close phylogenetic relatives, macaques. This renders translational work in macaques problematic. To reevaluate this difference, tone detection performance was measured in macaques using a go/no-go reaction time (RT) task at various tone durations and in the presence of broadband noise (BBN). Detection thresholds, RTs, and the dynamic range (DR) of the psychometric function decreased as the tone duration increased. The threshold by duration trends suggest macaques integrate at a similar rate to humans. The RT trends also resemble human data and are the first reported in animals. Whereas the BBN did not affect how the threshold or RT changed with the duration, it substantially reduced the DR at short durations. A probabilistic Poisson model replicated the effects of duration on threshold and DR and required integration from multiple simulated auditory nerve fibers to explain the performance at shorter durations. These data suggest that, contrary to previous studies, macaques are uniquely well-suited to model human temporal integration and form the baseline for future neurophysiological studies.
声音持续时间与检测阈值之间的关系长期以来一直被认为反映了时间整合。关于这种关系的物种差异的报告是模棱两可的：一些荟萃分析报告没有物种差异，而另一些则报告了显著的差异，特别是在人类与其近亲猕猴之间。这使得猕猴的转化工作变得复杂。为了重新评估这种差异，使用各种音调持续时间和宽带噪声（BBN）在猕猴中使用 Go/No-Go 反应时间（RT）任务测量了音调检测性能。检测阈值、RT 和心理物理函数的动态范围（DR）随着音调持续时间的增加而降低。按持续时间趋势的阈值表明猕猴的整合速度与人类相似。RT 趋势也类似于人类数据，这是在动物中首次报道的。虽然 BBN 不影响阈值或 RT 随持续时间的变化，但它会在短持续时间内大大降低 DR。概率泊松模型复制了持续时间对阈值和 DR 的影响，并且需要从多个模拟听神经纤维进行整合，以解释较短持续时间的性能。这些数据表明，与之前的研究相反，猕猴非常适合模拟人类的时间整合，并为未来的神经生理学研究奠定了基础。
