Department of Neuroscience, Ohio State University, 255 Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research Building, 460 Medical Center Drive, Columbus, OH, 43210, United States.
Department of Neuroscience, Ohio State University, 255 Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research Building, 460 Medical Center Drive, Columbus, OH, 43210, United States; Department of Psychology, Ohio State University, 53 Psychology Building, 1835 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, United States.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2021 Dec;131:1228-1242. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.10.031. Epub 2021 Oct 27.
Stress is a major risk factor for neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders, with the capacity to impact susceptibility to disease as well as long-term neurobiological and behavioral outcomes. Parvalbumin (PV) interneurons, the most prominent subtype of GABAergic interneurons in the cortex, are uniquely responsive to stress due to their protracted development throughout the highly plastic neonatal period and into puberty and adolescence. Additionally, PV + interneurons appear to respond to stress in a sex-specific manner. This review aims to discuss existing preclinical studies that support our overall hypothesis that the sex-and age-specific impacts of stress on PV + interneurons contribute to differences in individual vulnerability to stress across the lifespan, particularly in regard to sex differences in the diagnostic rate of neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric diseases in clinical populations. We also emphasize the importance of studying sex as a biological variable to fully understand the mechanistic and behavioral differences between males and females in models of neuropsychiatric disease.
压力是神经发育和神经精神疾病的一个主要风险因素，它有能力影响疾病的易感性以及长期的神经生物学和行为结果。钙结合蛋白（PV）中间神经元是皮质中 GABA 能中间神经元的主要亚型，由于其在高度可塑性的新生儿期以及青春期和青少年期的长期发育，对压力特别敏感。此外，PV+中间神经元似乎以性别特异性的方式对压力做出反应。本综述旨在讨论现有的临床前研究，这些研究支持我们的总体假设，即压力对 PV+中间神经元的性别和年龄特异性影响导致个体在整个生命周期中对压力的易感性存在差异，特别是在临床人群中神经发育和神经精神疾病的诊断率方面存在性别差异。我们还强调了将性别作为生物学变量进行研究的重要性，以充分了解神经精神疾病模型中男性和女性之间的机制和行为差异。
