Woods J S, Polissar L, Severson R K, Heuser L S, Kulander B G
J Natl Cancer Inst. 1987 May;78(5):899-910.
A population-based case-control study was conducted in western Washington State to evaluate the relationship between occupational exposure of men aged 20-79 to phenoxyacetic acid herbicides and chlorinated phenols and the risks of developing soft tissue sarcoma (STS) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Occupational histories and other data were obtained by personal interviews for 128 STS cases and 576 NHL cases, diagnosed between 1981 and 1984, and for 694 randomly selected controls without cancer. Among the study subjects with any past occupational exposure to phenoxyherbicides, the estimated relative risk and 95% confidence interval of developing STS was 0.80 (0.5-1.2), and of developing NHL, 1.07 (0.8-1.4). Risk estimates of developing STS and NHL associated with past chlorophenol exposure were 0.99 (0.7-1.5) and 0.99 (0.8-1.2), respectively. No increasing risk of either cancer was associated with overall duration or intensity of chemical exposure or with exposure to any specific phenoxyherbicide per se. However, estimated risks of NHL were elevated among men who had been farmers, 1.33 (1.03-1.7), forestry herbicide applicators, 4.80 (1.2-19.4), and for those potentially exposed to phenoxyherbicides in any occupation for 15 years or more during the period prior to 15 years before cancer diagnosis, 1.71 (1.04-2.8). Increased risks of NHL were also observed among those with occupational exposure to organochlorine insecticides, such as DDT [1.82 (1.04-3.2)] and organic solvents [1.35 (1.06-1.7)], and to other chemicals typically encountered in the agricultural, forestry, or wood products industries. These results demonstrate small but significantly increased risks of developing NHL in association with some occupational activities where phenoxyherbicides have been used in combination with other types of chemicals, particularly for prolonged periods. They do not demonstrate a positive association between increased cancer risks and exposure to any specific phenoxyherbicide product alone. Moreover, these findings provide no evidence of increased risks of developing NHL associated with chlorinated phenol exposure or of developing STS associated with exposure to either class of chemical.
在华盛顿州西部开展了一项基于人群的病例对照研究，以评估20至79岁男性职业性接触苯氧基乙酸除草剂和氯酚与患软组织肉瘤（STS）和非霍奇金淋巴瘤（NHL）风险之间的关系。通过对1981年至1984年间确诊的128例STS病例和576例NHL病例以及694名随机选取的无癌症对照进行个人访谈，获取职业史及其他数据。在有任何既往苯氧基除草剂职业接触史的研究对象中，患STS的估计相对风险及95%置信区间为0.80（0.5 - 1.2），患NHL的为1.07（0.8 - 1.4）。与既往氯酚接触相关的患STS和NHL的风险估计分别为0.99（0.7 - 1.5）和0.99（0.8 - 1.2）。两种癌症的风险增加均与化学物质接触的总时长或强度无关，也与单独接触任何特定苯氧基除草剂无关。然而，在农民中患NHL的估计风险升高，为1.33（1.03 - 1.7），林业除草剂施用者中为4.80（1.2 - 19.4），对于那些在癌症诊断前15年之前的任何职业中可能接触苯氧基除草剂达15年或更长时间的人，为1.71（1.04 - 2.8）。在有职业性接触有机氯杀虫剂（如滴滴涕[1.82（1.04 - 3.2）]）和有机溶剂[1.35（1.06 - 1.7）]以及在农业、林业或木制品行业中通常接触的其他化学物质的人群中，也观察到NHL风险增加。这些结果表明，在一些将苯氧基除草剂与其他类型化学物质联合使用、尤其是长期使用的职业活动中，患NHL的风险虽小但显著增加。它们未表明癌症风险增加与单独接触任何特定苯氧基除草剂产品之间存在正相关。此外，这些发现没有提供证据表明氯酚接触会增加患NHL的风险，或任何一类化学物质接触会增加患STS的风险。
