Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain.
Institute of Science and Technology (IST), Klosterneuburg, Austria.
Elife. 2021 Nov 1;10:e72132. doi: 10.7554/eLife.72132.
Plants develop new organs to adjust their bodies to dynamic changes in the environment. How independent organs achieve anisotropic shapes and polarities is poorly understood. To address this question, we constructed a mechano-biochemical model for root meristem growth that integrates biologically plausible principles. Computer model simulations demonstrate how differential growth of neighboring tissues results in the initial symmetry-breaking leading to anisotropic root growth. Furthermore, the root growth feeds back on a polar transport network of the growth regulator auxin. Model, predictions are in close agreement with in vivo patterns of anisotropic growth, auxin distribution, and cell polarity, as well as several root phenotypes caused by chemical, mechanical, or genetic perturbations. Our study demonstrates that the combination of tissue mechanics and polar auxin transport organizes anisotropic root growth and cell polarities during organ outgrowth. Therefore, a mobile auxin signal transported through immobile cells drives polarity and growth mechanics to coordinate complex organ development.
植物通过发育新器官来调节自身以适应环境中的动态变化。然而，人们对于独立器官如何实现各向异性形状和极性知之甚少。为了解决这个问题，我们构建了一个机械生化模型，用于整合生物学合理原理的根分生组织生长。计算机模型模拟表明，相邻组织的差异生长如何导致最初的对称破缺，从而导致各向异性的根生长。此外，根生长反馈于生长调节剂生长素的极性运输网络。模型预测与体内各向异性生长、生长素分布和细胞极性的模式以及由化学、机械或遗传扰动引起的几种根表型非常吻合。我们的研究表明，组织力学和极性生长素运输的结合在器官生长过程中组织各向异性生长和细胞极性。因此，通过不可移动的细胞运输的移动生长素信号驱动极性和生长力学以协调复杂的器官发育。
