Troullos E S, Goldstein D S, Hargreaves K M, Dionne R A
Anesth Prog. 1987 Jan-Feb;34(1):10-3.
The effects of administering an epinephrine-containing local anesthetic on plasma catecholamine levels and cardiovascular parameters were evaluated. Significant elevations were observed following administration of 8 dental cartridges of 2% lidocaine with epinephrine 1:100,000 (144 μg) throughout the 20 minute observation period, while minimal changes were observed in the patients who received 6 cartridges of 3% mepivicaine. One minute after injection, the mean plasma epinephrine level in the group receiving epinephrine was 27.5 times higher than baseline. Concurrent elevations in systolic pressure (15%), heart rate (33%), and the rate-pressure product (52%) were also observed. These results indicate that significant amounts of epinephrine can be systemically absorbed following intraoral injection and the absorbed epinephrine can alter the cardiovascular status of the patient.
评估了含肾上腺素的局部麻醉剂给药对血浆儿茶酚胺水平和心血管参数的影响。在整个20分钟观察期内，给予8支含1:100,000肾上腺素的2%利多卡因牙科用注射器（144μg）后，观察到显著升高，而接受6支3%甲哌卡因的患者则观察到最小变化。注射后1分钟，接受肾上腺素组的平均血浆肾上腺素水平比基线高27.5倍。同时还观察到收缩压升高（15%）、心率升高（33%）和率压乘积升高（52%）。这些结果表明，口腔内注射后大量肾上腺素可被全身吸收，且吸收的肾上腺素可改变患者的心血管状态。
