导师在临床实践中指导护理学生的能力：发现提升指导实践的特征。
Mentors' competence in mentoring nursing students in clinical practice: Detecting profiles to enhance mentoring practices.
机构信息
Research Unit of Nursing Science and Health Management, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
Oulu University of Applied Science, Oulu, Finland.
出版信息
Nurs Open. 2022 Jan;9(1):593-603. doi: 10.1002/nop2.1103. Epub 2021 Nov 2.
AIMS
To describe the mentoring competence of clinical practice nurse mentors and identify different mentor profiles.
DESIGN
Cross-sectional research design, secondary analysis.
METHODS
An international, cross-sectional study design was performed in five European countries. A total of 1 604 mentors from 33 healthcare organizations participated in the study between 2016-2019. The Mentors' Competence Instrument (MCI), which includes seven sub-dimensions and 44 items, was used to collect data. K-means cluster and binary regression analyses were performed to detect mentor profiles and determine how various factors affect competence, respectively.
RESULTS
The K-means cluster analysis identified three distinct profiles: A (n = 926); B (n = 566); and C (n = 85). The profiles showed significantly different values (p < .001) across all seven areas of mentoring competence. In comparison with the other profiles, nurses in profile A were older, had more work experience and were more probably to have completed mentoring-specific training.
目的
描述临床实践护士导师的指导能力，并确定不同的导师类型。
设计
横断面研究设计，二次分析。
方法
在五个欧洲国家进行了一项国际横断面研究设计。2016 年至 2019 年间，共有来自 33 个医疗保健机构的 1604 名导师参与了这项研究。使用导师能力量表（MCI）收集数据，该量表包括七个子维度和 44 个项目。采用 K 均值聚类分析和二元回归分析分别检测导师类型和确定各种因素如何影响能力。
结果
K 均值聚类分析确定了三种不同的类型：A（n=926）；B（n=566）；C（n=85）。这些类型在指导能力的所有七个领域均表现出显著差异（p<0.001）。与其他类型相比，类型 A 的护士年龄更大，工作经验更丰富，更有可能完成特定的指导培训。
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