Martins Thalyta Cássia de Freitas, Silva José Henrique Costa Monteiro da, Máximo Geovane da Conceição, Guimarães Raphael Mendonça
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Pública, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. R. Leopoldo Bulhões 1.480, Manguinhos. 21041-210 Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil.
Centro Latino-Americano e Caribe para Demografia. Santiago Chile.
Cien Saude Colet. 2021 Oct;26(10):4483-4496. doi: 10.1590/1413-812320212610.10852021. Epub 2021 May 22.
In 2020, the 30th anniversary of the publication of the Organic Laws of the Unified Health System was celebrated. Since then, the change in the profile of morbidity and mortality has been a challenge to management to ensure that the health services can attend the significant heterogeneity of approximately 6,000 municipalities. To achieve this, it is necessary to monitor the leading indicators of the country. The scope of this study was to present an overview of trends in mortality and morbidity in Brazil between 1990 and 2019. Data from the Study on the Global Burden of Disease was used to describe morbidity and mortality by major groupings (infectious diseases, chronic diseases, and external causes), according to gender and age groups. There was a reduction in morbidity and mortality in the period, irrespective of the cause or age group, albeit with a varied difference between the sexes depending on the cause. The contribution of chronic diseases increases with age, with a marked difference according to gender. The curves for mortality and years lost due to disability have a typical profile, with a different pattern of curves for men due to external causes, with marked excess mortality at young ages. The trend confirms the decline of indicators in a linear manner over the period.
2020年，庆祝了统一卫生系统组织法颁布30周年。自那时以来，发病率和死亡率状况的变化一直是管理工作面临的一项挑战，以确保卫生服务能够应对约6000个市镇的显著异质性。要做到这一点，有必要监测该国的主要指标。本研究的范围是概述1990年至2019年期间巴西的死亡率和发病率趋势。全球疾病负担研究的数据用于按主要类别（传染病、慢性病和外部原因）、性别和年龄组描述发病率和死亡率。在此期间，发病率和死亡率有所下降，无论病因或年龄组如何，尽管不同病因在性别之间的差异各不相同。慢性病的贡献随年龄增长而增加，根据性别有明显差异。死亡率曲线和因残疾而损失的年数曲线具有典型特征，男性因外部原因导致的曲线模式不同，年轻时死亡率明显过高。这一趋势证实了该时期指标呈线性下降。
