Machado Ana Paula Ramos, de Fátima Diniz Souza Élida, de Oliveira José Danúzio Leite, de Oliveira José Olivandro Duarte, Nóbrega Lauradella Geraldinne Sousa, Toscano Maysa Barbosa Rodrigues, Lacerda Massa Nayara Moreira, de Olinda Ricardo Alves, Tomaz Alecsandra Ferreira, Medeiros Carla Campos Muniz, Matheson David, Santos Silvana
Mestrado Profissional em Saúde da Família (PROFSAÚDE), Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.
Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Cajazeiras, Brazil.
BMC Prim Care. 2025 Jul 2;26(1):201. doi: 10.1186/s12875-025-02889-9.
The aim of this study was to examine the self-care skills of residents and preceptors affiliated to the Family and Community Medicine (FCM) and Multiprofessional Family Health Residency (MFHR) programs in the state of Paraíba - Brazil as well as to investigate the association between self-care and the practices of these professionals in Primary Health Care (PHC). FCM residents are doctors in postgraduate training, while MFHR residents are allied healthcare professionals in postgraduate training.
This was a cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach and a census-type sample of 300 professionals. Data was obtained using an electronic questionnaire applied in the second half of 2023. Descriptive, bivariate (Chi-square and Fisher's exact) and logistic regression analyses were carried out. The grouping variable "self-care" was found to be associated with sociodemographic and work-related variables, physical and mental health conditions and professional practice.
The majority of participants were female (69.3%), had no partner (53.4%) and no children (75.7%). Half of the professionals (54.0%) had self-care skills, which were associated with the perception of their state of health as very good or excellent. Among the doctors, 36.4% and 7.7% declared that they were overweight and obese respectively, and the prevalence rates were similar for multi-professionals. More doctors said they had a mental disorder (46.9%) than did the multiprofessionals (31.5%) (p = 0.022). Professionals who took care of themselves felt "very motivated" to provide guidance on the subject in the service (p = 0.006); they developed more health education projects (p = 0.042) and had more professional experience in the prevention and management of obesity and chronic diseases (p = 0.026) than those who did not take care of themselves or took care of themselves sporadically.
Health professionals' self-care skills in their personal lives were associated with their motivation to provide guidance on self-care to the population that they assisted in PHC. Our findings point to the need for actions and policies that encourage self-care among health professionals, given that this could have a positive impact on their areas of work.
本研究旨在调查巴西帕拉伊巴州家庭与社区医学（FCM）及多专业家庭健康住院医师培训（MFHR）项目中的住院医师和带教老师的自我护理技能，并探究自我护理与这些专业人员在初级卫生保健（PHC）中的实践之间的关联。FCM住院医师是正在接受研究生培训的医生，而MFHR住院医师是正在接受研究生培训的专职医疗人员。
这是一项采用定量方法的横断面研究，样本为300名专业人员的普查类型。数据通过2023年下半年应用的电子问卷获得。进行了描述性、双变量（卡方检验和费舍尔精确检验）和逻辑回归分析。发现分组变量“自我护理”与社会人口学和工作相关变量、身心健康状况以及专业实践相关。
大多数参与者为女性（69.3%），没有伴侣（53.4%）且没有孩子（75.7%）。一半的专业人员（54.0%）具备自我护理技能，这与他们对自身健康状况的认知为非常好或优秀相关。在医生中，分别有36.4%和7.7%的人宣称自己超重和肥胖，多专业人员的患病率与之相似。表示患有精神障碍的医生（46.9%）比多专业人员（31.5%）更多（p = 0.022）。自我护理的专业人员在服务中对就该主题提供指导“非常有动力”（p = 0.006）；与那些不自我护理或偶尔自我护理的人相比，他们开展了更多的健康教育项目（p = 0.042），并且在肥胖和慢性病的预防与管理方面有更多的专业经验（p = 0.026）。
卫生专业人员在个人生活中的自我护理技能与他们在初级卫生保健中为所服务人群提供自我护理指导的积极性相关。我们的研究结果表明需要采取行动和制定政策来鼓励卫生专业人员进行自我护理，因为这可能对他们的工作领域产生积极影响。
