Moslemi Masoumeh, Mahdavi-Roshan Marjan, Joukar Farahnaz, Naghipour Mohammadreza, Mansour-Ghanaei Fariborz
Halal Research Center of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran.
Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Heshmat Hospital, School of Medicine, Rasht, Iran.
Prev Nutr Food Sci. 2021 Sep 30;26(3):262-268. doi: 10.3746/pnf.2021.26.3.262.
Food behavior and dietary pattern are major parameters affecting the health status of people. The objective of this study was investigation of food behaviors in people inhabited in North of Iran to find out association of the effective indices (related to salt and fried foods) with hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). This large cross-sectional study was conducted on 10,520 participants and their sociodemographic, medical, and food behavior information were evaluated. Association of salt intake with CVDs and stroke was studied by portfolio at risk (PAR) formula. Association of food behavior with hypertension and CVDs was surveyed by chi-square test. Differences were significant at ≤0.05. Analysis of medical information revealed that 43.18% and 8.18% of the participants had hypertension and CVDs, respectively; mostly in women. Significant association was observed between salt-related behaviors and hypertension in the participants. Regarding salt intake, higher PARs were calculated in women than men (2.26 vs. 1.88 for PAR and 3.66 vs. 3.05 for PAR), and urban than rural inhabitants (4.56 vs. 3.66 for PAR and 7.27 vs. 5.88 for PAR). No significant contribution was observed between oil-related behaviors and CVDs. The majority of participants were well-informed about appropriate preparation and consumption of fried foods but not a healthy behavior about salt intake. Considering the significant association of salt-related behaviors with hypertension, conducting educational programs by healthcare practitioners in the population is suggested.
饮食行为和饮食模式是影响人们健康状况的主要因素。本研究的目的是调查居住在伊朗北部人群的饮食行为，以找出（与盐和油炸食品相关的）影响因素与高血压及其他心血管疾病（CVD）之间的关联。这项大型横断面研究对10520名参与者进行，评估了他们的社会人口统计学、医学和饮食行为信息。通过风险组合（PAR）公式研究盐摄入量与心血管疾病和中风之间的关联。通过卡方检验调查饮食行为与高血压和心血管疾病之间的关联。差异在≤0.05时具有统计学意义。医学信息分析显示，分别有43.18%和8.18%的参与者患有高血压和心血管疾病；大多数为女性。参与者中，与盐相关的行为和高血压之间存在显著关联。关于盐摄入量，女性的PAR值高于男性（PAR分别为2.26对1.88，PAR分别为3.66对3.05），城市居民高于农村居民（PAR分别为4.56对3.66，PAR分别为7.27对5.88）。未观察到与油相关的行为和心血管疾病之间有显著关联。大多数参与者对油炸食品的适当制备和食用有充分了解，但在盐摄入量方面没有健康的行为。考虑到与盐相关的行为与高血压之间的显著关联，建议医疗从业者在人群中开展教育项目。
