Toto Noura A, Elhenawy Hanan I, Eltaweil Abdelazeem S, El-Ashram Saeed, El-Samad Lamia M, Moussian Bernard, El Wakil Abeer
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Egypt.
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Egypt.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Feb 1;806(Pt 4):151483. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151483. Epub 2021 Nov 4.
The use of nanoparticles (NPs) is rapidly expanding; there is a critical need for efficient assays to first determine the potential toxicity of NPs before their use in human applications. Magnetite nanoparticles (FeO NPs) have tremendous applications which include cell separation, arsenic removal from water and DNA separation. Spherically shaped FeO NPs with sizes ranging from 23 to 30 nm were used in this study. The housefly, Musca domestica is the most common fly species. It is present worldwide and considered to be an important medical insect which can carry and transmit over 100 human pathogens and zoonotic agents. It has been used in this study to assess FeONPs toxicity and give us an overview of their impact. The larvicidal activity of FeONPs was tested against the third instar larvae of M. domestica. We investigated the effects of six varying concentrations (15, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 μg/mL) used under laboratory conditions in two differential application assays: contact and feeding. The LC value for FeO NPs was 60 and 75 μg/mL by feeding and contact, respectively. To investigate the toxicity effects of FeO NPs on houseflies, morphological and histoarchitectural changes in larvae, pupae and adult flies were analyzed. NP exposure caused morphological abnormalities of larvae and pupae as well as larval pupal intermediates, and deformed adult with crumpled wings. Also, some adults couldn't emerge and remained in their puparia. The histological examinations showed that FeO NPs caused severe tissue damage especially in the cuticle and the digestive system. Thus, besides affecting the organ of first contact (digestive system), remote organs such as the integument are also targeted by FeO NPs suggesting a systemic impact on fly development and physiology.
纳米颗粒（NPs）的应用正在迅速扩展；迫切需要有效的检测方法，以便在纳米颗粒应用于人类之前首先确定其潜在毒性。磁铁矿纳米颗粒（FeO NPs）有广泛的应用，包括细胞分离、水中砷的去除和DNA分离。本研究使用了尺寸范围为23至30纳米的球形FeO NPs。家蝇，即家蝇属的家蝇，是最常见的蝇类物种。它遍布全球，被认为是一种重要的医学昆虫，可携带和传播100多种人类病原体和人畜共患病原体。本研究利用家蝇来评估FeONPs的毒性，并让我们了解其影响。测试了FeONPs对家蝇三龄幼虫的杀幼虫活性。我们在实验室条件下，在两种不同的应用试验（接触和喂食）中研究了六种不同浓度（15、30、45、60、75和90μg/mL）的影响。通过喂食和接触，FeO NPs的LC值分别为60和75μg/mL。为了研究FeO NPs对家蝇的毒性作用，分析了幼虫、蛹和成虫的形态和组织结构变化。NP暴露导致幼虫和蛹以及幼虫-蛹中间体出现形态异常，成虫翅膀皱缩变形。此外，一些成虫无法羽化，留在蛹壳中。组织学检查表明，FeO NPs造成了严重的组织损伤，尤其是在表皮和消化系统。因此，除了影响初次接触的器官（消化系统）外，FeO NPs还靶向了诸如体表等远端器官，这表明对苍蝇的发育和生理有系统性影响。
