Ivanova A E, Semenova V G, Sabgaida T P
Institute for Demographic Research, Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
Her Russ Acad Sci. 2021;91(5):565-577. doi: 10.1134/S101933162105004X. Epub 2021 Nov 2.
Approaches to assessing the role of health care in reducing mortality in Russia from the standpoint of controlling manageable causes are discussed. Based on the concept of avoidable mortality, trends in regional variability of mortality, the nosological and gender characteristics for the years 2000-2019 have been analyzed. The patterns revealed indicate the following: a significant contribution of medicine and health care to the decrease in the premature reduction in the life expectancy of the population, the expediency of developing a regional classification of the list of avoidable causes of mortality, and the decisive role of prevention and the improvement of the lifestyle of the population of young and middle ages in the past two decades against the background of a slow increase in the capacity of clinical medicine in the diagnostics and treatment of diseases.
本文讨论了从控制可控病因的角度评估医疗保健在降低俄罗斯死亡率方面作用的方法。基于可避免死亡率的概念,分析了2000 - 2019年期间死亡率的区域差异趋势、疾病分类和性别特征。所揭示的模式表明:医学和医疗保健对人口预期寿命过早缩短的减少有重大贡献;制定可避免死亡原因清单的区域分类是合理的;在过去二十年中,预防和改善中青年人群生活方式起着决定性作用,而在此背景下临床医学在疾病诊断和治疗方面的能力增长缓慢。