Pauly Claire, Ribeiro Fabiana, Schröder Valerie E, Pauly Laure, Krüger Rejko, Leist Anja K
Department of Translational Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-Belval, Luxembourg.
Department of Neurology, Parkinson Research Clinic, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
Front Psychiatry. 2021 Oct 21;12:745636. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.745636. eCollection 2021.
Associations between personality traits and mental health outcomes (depression, anxiety, loneliness, and stress) have rarely been assessed in a population-representative sample of a high-income country during the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, as far as we know, the role of health and social behaviors as well as resilience in the personality-mental health relationship has yet to be explored. A representative sample of 1,828 residents of Luxembourg filled in validated scales to assess personality traits and resilience, depressive symptoms, generalized anxiety, loneliness, and stress, indicating mental health, in mid-April 2020. Approximately 21% of the participants scored above the cut-off for moderate depression and moderate loneliness. Moderate anxiety and moderate stress were present in 6.2 and 0.3% of the participants, respectively. Higher-educated respondents and those living in higher-value housing reported better mental health. Agreeableness and conscientiousness were most consistently associated with better mental health; neuroticism was most consistently associated with worse mental health. Spending more time on social media was also associated with elevated levels of all four mental health outcomes. Social and health behaviors did not change the personality-mental health relationships. Resilience moderated some of the personality-mental health associations, most consistently in neuroticism. Findings suggest educational and socioeconomic inequalities in mental health in a nationally representative sample during the COVID-19 confinement measures. Personality traits, particularly agreeableness, conscientiousness, and low neuroticism were associated with mental health. The moderating role of resilience in the personality-mental health relationship suggests intervention potential to improve mental health during periods of confinement.
在新冠疫情期间，很少有研究在高收入国家具有人口代表性的样本中评估人格特质与心理健康结果（抑郁、焦虑、孤独和压力）之间的关联。此外，据我们所知，健康和社会行为以及心理韧性在人格与心理健康关系中的作用尚未得到探讨。2020年4月中旬，卢森堡的1828名居民组成的代表性样本填写了经过验证的量表，以评估人格特质、心理韧性、抑郁症状、广泛性焦虑、孤独感和压力，这些指标反映了心理健康状况。约21%的参与者得分高于中度抑郁和中度孤独的临界值。分别有6.2%和0.3%的参与者存在中度焦虑和中度压力。受教育程度较高的受访者以及居住在高价值住房中的人心理健康状况更好。宜人性和尽责性与更好的心理健康最一致相关；神经质与更差的心理健康最一致相关。花更多时间在社交媒体上也与所有四种心理健康结果水平升高有关。社会和健康行为并未改变人格与心理健康的关系。心理韧性调节了部分人格与心理健康的关联，在神经质方面最为一致。研究结果表明，在新冠疫情封锁措施期间，全国代表性样本中存在心理健康方面的教育和社会经济不平等。人格特质，尤其是宜人性、尽责性和低神经质与心理健康相关。心理韧性在人格与心理健康关系中的调节作用表明，在封锁期间改善心理健康具有干预潜力。
