Song Shasha, Yang Xin, Yang Hua, Zhou Ping, Ma Hui, Teng Changjun, Chen Haocheng, Ou Hongxia, Li Jijun, Mathews Carol A, Nutley Sara, Liu Na, Zhang Xiangyang, Zhang Ning
Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Department of Medical Psychology, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Front Psychol. 2021 Jan 22;11:618509. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.618509. eCollection 2020.
Psychological resilience may reduce the impact of psychological distress to some extent. We aimed to investigate the mental health status of the public during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and explore the level and related factors of anxiety and depression.
From February 8 to March 9, 2020, 3,180 public completed the Zung's Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) for anxiety, Zung's Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) for depression, the Connor-Davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC) for psychological resilience, and the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ) for the attitudes and coping styles.
The number of people with depressive symptoms (SDS > 53) was 1,303 (the rate was 41.0%). The number of people with anxiety symptoms (SAS > 50) was 1,184 (the rate was 37.2%). The depressed group and anxiety group had less education, more unmarried and younger age, as well as had significant different in SDS total score ( < 0.001), SAS total score ( < 0.001), CD-RISC total score ( < 0.001), and SCSQ score ( < 0.001). The binary logistic regression showed that female ( = -0.261, = 0.026), strength ( = -0.079, = 0.000), and the subscales of active coping style in SCSQ ( = -0.983, = 0.000) remained protective factors and passive coping style ( = 0.293, = 0.003) and higher SAS score ( = 0.175, = 0.000) were risk factors for depression. Optimism ( = -0.041, = 0.015) in CD-RISC was a protective factor, and passive coping styles ( = 0.483, = 0.000) and higher SDS score ( = 0.134, = 0.000) were risk factors for anxiety.
This study adopted a cross-sectional design and used self-report questionnaires.
The mental health of the public, especially females, the younger and less educational populations, and unmarried individuals, should be given more attention. Individuals with high level of mental resilience and active coping styles would have lower levels of anxiety and depression during the outbreak of COVID-19.
心理韧性可能在一定程度上减轻心理困扰的影响。我们旨在调查2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）疫情期间公众的心理健康状况，并探讨焦虑和抑郁的程度及相关因素。
2020年2月8日至3月9日，3180名公众完成了用于评估焦虑的zung氏自评焦虑量表（SAS）、用于评估抑郁的zung氏自评抑郁量表（SDS）、用于评估心理韧性的康纳-戴维森韧性量表（CD-RISC）以及用于评估态度和应对方式的简易应对方式问卷（SCSQ）。
有抑郁症状（SDS>53）的人数为1303人（发生率为41.0%）。有焦虑症状（SAS>50）的人数为1184人（发生率为37.2%）。抑郁组和焦虑组受教育程度较低，未婚者较多且年龄较小，在SDS总分（<0.001）、SAS总分（<0.001）CD-RISC总分（<0.001）和SCSQ得分（<0.001）方面存在显著差异。二元逻辑回归显示，女性（=-0.261，=0.026）、力量（=-0.079，=0.000）以及SCSQ中积极应对方式的子量表（=-0.983，=0.000）仍然是保护因素，而消极应对方式（=0.293，=0.003）和较高的SAS得分（=0.175，=0.000）是抑郁的危险因素。CD-RISC中的乐观（=-0.041，=0.015）是保护因素，消极应对方式（=0.483，=0.000）和较高的SDS得分（=0.134，=0.000）是焦虑的危险因素。
本研究采用横断面设计并使用自我报告问卷。
公众的心理健康，尤其是女性、年龄较小和受教育程度较低的人群以及未婚个体，应得到更多关注。在COVID-19疫情期间，心理韧性水平高和积极应对方式的个体焦虑和抑郁水平较低。
