Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road, NE, MS 1518-002-7BB, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Division of Nephrology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA.
BMC Nephrol. 2021 Nov 10;22(1):373. doi: 10.1186/s12882-021-02591-9.
Exercise improves health outcomes and quality of life in persons with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The numbers of persons with advanced CKD meeting physical activity guidelines however is low. We undertook a qualitative study of men and women aged 36-74 from various race/ethnic populations with advanced CKD not requiring dialysis to describe their experiences and opinions around prior physical activity, motivating factors for and barriers to exercise, and perceptions of exercise-promoting technology and group-based programming designed to improve physical activity levels.
Nineteen persons with advanced CKD not requiring dialysis were interviewed at two high volume nephrology clinics enriched with racial/ethnic minority patients (Emory University and Santa Clara Valley Medical Center). We used thematic analysis to identify dominant themes (n = 4) and subthemes (n = 19) around exercise experience, barriers, motivators, views, and preferences.
Four dominant themes and 19 subthemes were identified. The most common motivators to exercise included physical and mental health benefits, appearance, improvement in energy levels, and potential social interaction in group-based programs. Common barriers included health concerns, particularly complications related to other co-morbidities, as well as time and transportation constraints. Participants were skeptical of exercise programs solely reliant on technology.
The use of group-based exercise programs may motivate persons with CKD to increase exercise levels, while programs entirely based on technology may be less effective.
锻炼可改善慢性肾脏病（CKD）患者的健康状况和生活质量。然而，符合身体活动指南的晚期 CKD 患者人数较少。我们对来自不同种族/族裔人群、年龄在 36-74 岁、无需透析的晚期 CKD 患者进行了定性研究，以描述他们在之前的体力活动、锻炼的动机因素和障碍、对促进锻炼的技术和基于群体的编程的看法方面的经历和意见，旨在提高身体活动水平。
在两家高容量肾脏科诊所（埃默里大学和圣克拉拉谷医疗中心）对 19 名无需透析的晚期 CKD 患者进行了访谈，这些诊所的患者人群丰富，包括少数民族患者。我们使用主题分析来确定与锻炼经验、障碍、动机、观点和偏好相关的主要主题（n=4）和次要主题（n=19）。
确定了四个主要主题和 19 个次要主题。锻炼的最常见动机包括身心健康益处、外观改善、能量水平提高以及群体项目中的潜在社交互动。常见的障碍包括健康问题，特别是与其他合并症相关的并发症，以及时间和交通限制。参与者对仅依赖技术的锻炼计划持怀疑态度。
基于群体的锻炼计划的使用可能会激励 CKD 患者增加锻炼水平，而完全基于技术的计划可能效果较差。
