Nielsen Søren Saxmose, Alvarez Julio, Bicout Dominique Joseph, Calistri Paolo, Canali Elisabetta, Drewe Julian Ashley, Garin-Bastuji Bruno, Gonzales Rojas Jose Luis, Gortázar Schmidt Christian, Herskin Mette, Miranda Chueca Miguel Ángel, Padalino Barbara, Pasquali Paolo, Roberts Helen Clare, Spoolder Hans, Stahl Karl, Velarde Antonio, Viltrop Arvo, Winckler Christoph, Candiani Denise, Rapagnà Cristina, Van der Stede Yves, Michel Virginie
EFSA J. 2021 Nov 8;19(11):e06882. doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6882. eCollection 2021 Nov.
The killing of sheep and goats for human consumption (slaughtering) can take place in a slaughterhouse or on-farm. The processes of slaughtering that were assessed for welfare, from the arrival of sheep and goats until their death (including slaughtering without stunning), were grouped into three main phases: pre-stunning (including arrival, unloading from the truck, lairage, handling and moving of sheep and goats); stunning (including restraint); and bleeding. Stunning methods were grouped into two categories: mechanical and electrical. Twelve welfare consequences that sheep and goats may experience during slaughter were identified: heat stress, cold stress, fatigue, prolonged thirst, prolonged hunger, impeded movement, restriction of movements, resting problems, social stress, pain, fear and distress. These welfare consequences and their relevant animal-based measures are described in detail in this Scientific Opinion. In total, 40 welfare hazards that could occur during slaughter were identified and characterised, most of them related to stunning and bleeding. Staff were identified as the origin of 39 hazards, which were attributed to the lack of appropriate skill sets needed to perform tasks or to fatigue. Measures to prevent and correct hazards were identified, and structural and managerial measures were identified as those with a crucial role in prevention. Outcome tables linking hazards, welfare consequences, animal-based measures, origin of hazards and preventive and corrective measures were developed for each process. Mitigation measures to minimise welfare consequences are proposed.
为供人类食用而宰杀绵羊和山羊（屠宰）可在屠宰场或农场进行。针对福利评估的屠宰过程，从绵羊和山羊抵达直至其死亡（包括不进行电击昏的屠宰），分为三个主要阶段：电击昏前（包括抵达、从卡车上卸载、圈养、绵羊和山羊的处理与移动）；电击昏（包括保定）；放血。电击昏方法分为两类：机械法和电击法。确定了绵羊和山羊在屠宰过程中可能经历的12种福利后果：热应激、冷应激、疲劳、长时间口渴、长时间饥饿、行动受阻、活动受限、休息问题、社会应激、疼痛、恐惧和痛苦。本科学意见详细描述了这些福利后果及其相关的基于动物的措施。总共确定并描述了屠宰过程中可能出现的40种福利危害，其中大多数与电击昏和放血有关。工作人员被确定为39种危害的源头，这些危害归因于执行任务所需的适当技能不足或疲劳。确定了预防和纠正危害的措施，结构和管理措施被确定为在预防中起关键作用的措施。为每个过程制定了将危害、福利后果、基于动物的措施、危害源头以及预防和纠正措施联系起来的结果表。提出了将福利后果降至最低的缓解措施。
