Department of Biology and Center for Medical Life Science, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan; Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama 1-7-1, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan.
Department of Biology and Center for Medical Life Science, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan; Gan Medical Service Co., Ltd., Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0041, Japan.
Front Neuroendocrinol. 2022 Jan;64:100955. doi: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2021.100955. Epub 2021 Nov 9.
The discovery of gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH) in 2000 has led to a new research era of reproductive neuroendocrinology because, for a long time, researchers believed that only gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) regulated reproduction as a neurohormone. Later studies on GnIH demonstrated that it acts as a new key neurohormone inhibiting reproduction in vertebrates. GnIH reduces gonadotropin release andsynthesis via the GnIH receptor GPR147 on gonadotropes and GnRH neurons. Furthermore, GnIH inhibits reproductive behavior, in addition to reproductive neuroendocrine function. The modification of the synthesis of GnIH and its release by the neuroendocrine integration of environmental and internal factors has also been demonstrated. Thus, the discovery of GnIH has facilitated advances in reproductive neuroendocrinology. Here, we describe the advances in reproductive neuroendocrinology driven by the discovery of GnIH, research on the effects of GnIH on reproductive physiology and behavior, and the regulatory mechanisms underlying GnIH synthesis and release.
2000 年发现促性腺激素抑制激素（GnIH），这标志着生殖神经内分泌学的新纪元的到来，因为长期以来，研究人员一直认为只有促性腺激素释放激素（GnRH）作为神经激素来调节生殖。随后对 GnIH 的研究表明，它在脊椎动物中作为一种新的关键神经激素来抑制生殖。GnIH 通过促性腺激素细胞和 GnRH 神经元上的 GnIH 受体 GPR147 来减少促性腺激素的释放和合成。此外，GnIH 除了具有生殖神经内分泌功能外，还能抑制生殖行为。环境和内部因素的神经内分泌整合也证明了 GnIH 的合成和释放的改变。因此，GnIH 的发现促进了生殖神经内分泌学的发展。在这里，我们描述了由 GnIH 的发现所推动的生殖神经内分泌学的进展，研究了 GnIH 对生殖生理学和行为的影响，以及 GnIH 合成和释放的调节机制。
