CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, PR China; Postgraduate School, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, PR China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, PR China.
CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, PR China.
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2022 Jan;180:114046. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.114046. Epub 2021 Nov 9.
The occurrence and development of tumors depend on the tumor microenvironment (TME), which is made of various immune cells, activated fibroblasts, basement membrane, capillaries, and extracellular matrix. Tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) and microbes are important components in TME. Tumor cells can recruit and educate TAMs and microbes, and the hijacked TAMs and microbes can promote the progression of tumor reciprocally. Tumor vaccine delivery remodeling TME by targeting TAM and microbes can not only enhance the specificity and immunogenicity of antigens, but also contribute to the regulation of TME. Tumor vaccine design benefits from nanotechnology which is a suitable platform for antigen and adjuvant delivery to catalyze new candidate vaccines applying to clinical therapy at unparalleled speed. In view of the characteristics and mechanisms of TME development, vaccine delivery targeting and breaking the malignant interactions among tumor cells, TAMs, and microbes may serve as a novel strategy for tumor therapy.
肿瘤的发生和发展取决于肿瘤微环境（TME），它由各种免疫细胞、激活的成纤维细胞、基底膜、毛细血管和细胞外基质组成。肿瘤相关巨噬细胞（TAMs）和微生物是 TME 的重要组成部分。肿瘤细胞可以招募和教育 TAMs 和微生物，被劫持的 TAMs 和微生物可以相互促进肿瘤的进展。通过靶向 TAM 和微生物来重塑肿瘤微环境的肿瘤疫苗传递，不仅可以增强抗原的特异性和免疫原性，还有助于调节 TME。肿瘤疫苗设计受益于纳米技术，纳米技术是一种将抗原和佐剂递送至催化新候选疫苗的合适平台，以无与伦比的速度应用于临床治疗。鉴于 TME 发展的特点和机制，针对肿瘤细胞、TAMs 和微生物之间恶性相互作用的疫苗传递可能成为肿瘤治疗的一种新策略。
