State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Oct 28;22(21):11658. doi: 10.3390/ijms222111658.
Rice is one of the most important food crops in the world. However, stable rice production is constrained by various diseases, in particular rice blast, sheath blight, bacterial blight, and virus diseases. Breeding and cultivation of resistant rice varieties is the most effective method to control the infection of pathogens. Exploitation and utilization of the genetic determinants of broad-spectrum resistance represent a desired way to improve the resistance of susceptible rice varieties. Recently, researchers have focused on the identification of rice broad-spectrum disease resistance genes, which include genes, defense-regulator genes, and quantitative trait loci (QTL) against two or more pathogen species or many isolates of the same pathogen species. The cloning of broad-spectrum disease resistance genes and understanding their underlying mechanisms not only provide new genetic resources for breeding broad-spectrum rice varieties, but also promote the development of new disease resistance breeding strategies, such as editing susceptibility and executor genes. In this review, the most recent advances in the identification of broad-spectrum disease resistance genes in rice and their application in crop improvement through biotechnology approaches during the past 10 years are summarized.
水稻是世界上最重要的粮食作物之一。然而，稳定的水稻生产受到各种疾病的限制，特别是稻瘟病、纹枯病、细菌性条斑病和病毒性疾病。培育和种植抗性水稻品种是控制病原体感染的最有效方法。开发和利用广谱抗性的遗传决定因素是提高感病水稻品种抗性的理想途径。最近，研究人员集中于鉴定水稻广谱抗病基因，包括 基因、防御调节基因和针对两种或两种以上病原体物种或同一病原体物种的许多分离物的数量性状位点（QTL）。广谱抗病基因的克隆及其作用机制的阐明不仅为培育广谱水稻品种提供了新的遗传资源，而且促进了抗病性新的育种策略的发展，如编辑感病和执行基因。本文综述了过去 10 年来在水稻中鉴定广谱抗病基因及其在生物技术方法应用于作物改良方面的最新进展。
