Fu Bisheng, Lin Zhixin, Yan Lijuan, Zhang Qiaofeng, Liu Caiyun, Cai Jin, Guo Wei, Liu Ying, Zhai Wenling, Gong Shuangjun, Xu Feng, Wu Jizhong
Institute of Crop Germplasm and Biotechnology/Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2025 Feb 6;15:1489013. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1489013. eCollection 2024.
Common wheat is a leading global food crop that impacts food security. Wheat powdery mildew (PM), caused by f. sp. (), poses a significant threat to grain yield and flour quality. The identification and utilization of broad-spectrum resistance genes against PM are essential for effective disease control.
The resistance spectrum test during the seedling stage and the identification of resistance during the adult stage were conducted to evaluate the wheat landrace Honghuamai (HHM). Five segregating populations were investigated to assess the inheritance of PM resistance in HHM. To map its PM resitance gene, bulked segregant analysis, molecular mapping and comparative genomic analysis were also used in the present study.
HHM shows remarkable adult resistance in the field and is nearly immune to all 25 isolates used in seedling tests, making it an excellent source of PM resistance. PM resistance in HHM was determined by a single dominant gene, temporarily named . It was then fine-mapped to an interval with a genetic distance of 0.0031 cM and a physical distance of 187.4 kb on chromosome 4AL of the Chinese Spring reference sequence v.2.1. Four genes were identified in the target region, three of which encode nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) proteins. Comparative genomic analysis revealed presence/absence variations (PAVs) of the locus among common wheat varieties.
These closely linked molecular markers will not only benefit the cloning of the gene underlying but also facilitate the efficient utilization of the gene in breeding programs.
普通小麦是影响粮食安全的全球主要粮食作物。由小麦白粉菌（Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici）引起的小麦白粉病对谷物产量和面粉质量构成重大威胁。鉴定和利用抗白粉病的广谱抗性基因对于有效控制病害至关重要。
进行苗期抗性谱测试和成年期抗性鉴定，以评估小麦地方品种洪湖麦（HHM）。研究了五个分离群体，以评估HHM对白粉病抗性的遗传。为了定位其白粉病抗性基因，本研究还采用了混合分组分析法、分子作图和比较基因组分析。
HHM在田间表现出显著的成年抗性，对苗期测试中使用的所有25个分离株几乎免疫，使其成为白粉病抗性的优良来源。HHM的白粉病抗性由一个单显性基因决定，暂时命名为PmHHM。然后将其精细定位到中国春参考序列v.2.1的4AL染色体上一个遗传距离为0.0031 cM、物理距离为187.4 kb的区间。在目标区域鉴定出四个基因，其中三个编码核苷酸结合富含亮氨酸重复序列（NLR）蛋白。比较基因组分析揭示了普通小麦品种间该位点的存在/缺失变异（PAVs）。
这些紧密连锁的分子标记不仅将有助于克隆PmHHM基因，还将促进该基因在育种计划中的高效利用。
