Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Oct 25;18(21):11209. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182111209.
Adolescence is crucial for human flourishing and strongly influences having meaning in life. We investigated the association between local public library density as a shared resource and motivational orientation toward their occupation in Japanese adolescents.
A longitudinal study was conducted using data from a nationwide birth cohort survey in Japan ( = 12,184). At age 7, their caregivers answered questionnaires on children including the number of books read. Library density (low, moderate, or high) in each municipality was obtained from national statistics. At age 15, the adolescents indicated whether they had decided on an occupation and selected motivational orientations from among intrinsic (own ability and interest), extrinsic (high earnings, social class, or job stability), and altruistic (social contribution) orientations. Multilevel linear probability models were fitted, adjusting for confounders, including household socioeconomic status and city size.
Intrinsic, extrinsic, and altruistic motivations for desired occupation were reported by 40.7%, 31.9% and 41.8% of participants, respectively. Living in a municipality with a high library density at age 7 was associated with having intrinsic motivation at age 15 than low density by 3.1 percentage points (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.35, 5.85). The association was more prominent for those with lower income ( for interaction = 0.026). Neither extrinsic nor altruistic motivations were associated with library density (coefficient: -0.13; 95% CI: -2.81, 2.56; coefficient: 0.08; 95% CI: -2.72, 2.88 percentage points, respectively).
Developing libraries in communities could encourage intrinsic motivation in adolescents, specifically for those in low-income households.
青春期对人类的成长至关重要，强烈影响着人们对生活意义的感知。本研究旨在探究日本青少年当地公共图书馆密度作为一种共享资源与他们对职业的激励取向之间的关系。
本研究采用日本全国性出生队列调查的数据进行纵向研究（n=12184）。在 7 岁时，他们的照顾者回答了有关儿童的问卷，包括阅读的书籍数量。从国家统计数据中获得每个市町村的图书馆密度（低、中或高）。在 15 岁时，青少年表示他们是否已经决定了职业，并从内在（自身能力和兴趣）、外在（高收入、社会阶层或工作稳定性）和利他主义（社会贡献）取向中选择了激励取向。使用多层线性概率模型进行拟合，调整了混杂因素，包括家庭社会经济地位和城市规模。
分别有 40.7%、31.9%和 41.8%的参与者报告了对理想职业的内在、外在和利他主义动机。与低图书馆密度相比，7 岁时居住在图书馆密度高的市町村与 15 岁时具有内在动机相关，相差 3.1 个百分点（95%置信区间（CI）：0.35，5.85）。对于收入较低的人，这种关联更为明显（交互作用=0.026）。图书馆密度与外在或利他主义动机均无关联（系数：-0.13；95%CI：-2.81，2.56；系数：0.08；95%CI：-2.72，2.88 个百分点）。
在社区中发展图书馆可以鼓励青少年的内在动机，特别是对那些低收入家庭的青少年。
