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夜间人工光照(ALAN)对蝙蝠的影响分析。以波兰格但斯克历史古迹和 Natura 2000 维斯瓦乌堡垒为例。

An Impact Analysis of Artificial Light at Night (ALAN) on Bats. A Case Study of the Historic Monument and Natura 2000 Wisłoujście Fortress in Gdansk, Poland.

机构信息

GUT LightLab, Faculty of Architecture, Gdansk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland.

Faculty of Law and Administration, University of Gdansk, 80-980 Gdansk, Poland.

出版信息

Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Oct 28;18(21):11327. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182111327.

DOI:10.3390/ijerph182111327
PMID:34769843
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8582723/
Abstract

The artificial light at night (ALAN) present in many cities and towns has a negative impact on numerous organisms that live alongside humans, including bats. Therefore, we investigated if the artificial illumination of the historic Wisłoujście Fortress in Gdańsk, Poland (part of the Natura 2000 network), during nighttime events, which included an outdoor electronic dance music (EDM) festival, might be responsible for increased light pollution and the decline in recent years of the pond bat (. An assessment of light pollution levels was made using the methods of geographical information system (GIS) and free-of-charge satellite remote sensing (SRS) technology. Moreover, this paper reviewed the most important approaches for environmental protection of bats in the context of ecological light pollution, including International, European, and Polish regulatory frameworks. The analysis of this interdisciplinary study confirmed the complexity of the problem and highlighted, too, the need for better control of artificial illumination in such sensitive areas. It also revealed that SRS was not the best light pollution assessment method for this particular case study due to several reasons listed in this paper. As a result, the authors' proposal for improvements also involved practical recommendations for devising suitable strategies for lighting research and practice in the Natura 2000 Wisłoujście Fortress site located adjacent to urban areas to reduce the potential negative impact of ALAN on bats and their natural habitats.

摘要

夜间人工照明(ALAN)在许多城市和城镇中普遍存在,对生活在人类周围的许多生物都有负面影响,包括蝙蝠。因此,我们调查了波兰格但斯克历史悠久的维斯瓦河堡垒(Natura 2000 网络的一部分)在夜间活动期间(包括户外电子舞曲音乐节)是否会人为增加光污染,并导致近年来池塘蝙蝠数量减少。我们使用地理信息系统(GIS)和免费卫星遥感(SRS)技术来评估光污染水平。此外,本文还回顾了在生态光污染背景下保护蝙蝠的最重要方法,包括国际、欧洲和波兰的监管框架。这项跨学科研究的分析证实了问题的复杂性,并强调了在这些敏感地区更好地控制人工照明的必要性。它还表明,由于本文列出的几个原因,SRS 并不是针对该特定案例研究的最佳光污染评估方法。因此,作者提出的改进建议还包括为位于城市附近的 Natura 2000 维斯瓦河堡垒场地的照明研究和实践制定合适策略的实用建议,以减少 ALAN 对蝙蝠及其自然栖息地的潜在负面影响。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/05e3/8582723/6e6cd4584474/ijerph-18-11327-g020.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/05e3/8582723/a906368d4c8c/ijerph-18-11327-g012.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/05e3/8582723/c3ff50111dc3/ijerph-18-11327-g013.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/05e3/8582723/ab91746a6980/ijerph-18-11327-g014.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/05e3/8582723/903e5d2d6300/ijerph-18-11327-g017.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/05e3/8582723/e7a66b41f8fa/ijerph-18-11327-g018.jpg
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