Department of Paediatrics, Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Preventive Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.
Iberoamerican Cochrane Centre, Biomedical Research Institute San Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08025 Barcelona, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Nov 4;18(21):11585. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182111585.
In addition to social and environmental determinants, people's values and preferences determine daily food choices. This study evaluated adults' values and preferences regarding unprocessed red meat (URM) and processed meat (PM) and their willingness to change their consumption in the face of possible undesirable health consequences.
A cross-sectional mixed-methods study including a quantitative assessment through an online survey, a qualitative inquiry through semi-structured interviews, and a follow-up assessment through a telephone survey. We performed descriptive statistics, logistic regressions, and thematic analysis.
Of 304 participants, over 75% were unwilling to stop their consumption of either URM or PM, and of those unwilling to stop, over 80% were also unwilling to reduce. Men were less likely to stop meat intake than women (odds ratios < 0.4). From the semi-structured interviews, we identified three main themes: the social and/or family context of meat consumption, health- and non-health-related concerns about meat, and uncertainty of the evidence. At three months, 63% of participants reported no changes in meat intake.
When informed about the cancer incidence and mortality risks of meat consumption, most respondents would not reduce their intake. Public health and clinical nutrition guidelines should ensure that their recommendations are consistent with population values and preferences.
除了社会和环境决定因素外，人们的价值观和偏好也决定了他们的日常食物选择。本研究评估了成年人对未经加工的红肉（URM）和加工肉类（PM）的价值观和偏好，以及他们在面对可能的不良健康后果时改变消费习惯的意愿。
本研究采用横断面混合方法设计，包括通过在线调查进行定量评估、通过半结构式访谈进行定性研究，以及通过电话调查进行后续评估。我们进行了描述性统计、逻辑回归和主题分析。
在 304 名参与者中，超过 75%的人不愿意停止食用 URM 或 PM，而在那些不愿意停止食用的人中，超过 80%的人也不愿意减少食用量。与女性相比，男性停止肉类摄入的可能性较小（比值比 < 0.4）。通过半结构式访谈，我们确定了三个主要主题：肉类消费的社会和/或家庭背景、与健康和非健康相关的肉类关注问题，以及对证据的不确定性。在三个月时，63%的参与者报告称其肉类摄入量没有变化。
当被告知肉类消费与癌症发病率和死亡率的关系时，大多数受访者不会减少摄入量。公共卫生和临床营养指南应确保其建议与人群的价值观和偏好保持一致。
