Chauhan Pankaj, Koul Veena, Bhatnagar Naresh
Mechanical Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi 110016, India.
Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi 110016, India.
Materials (Basel). 2021 Oct 23;14(21):6344. doi: 10.3390/ma14216344.
The surface of dental implants plays a vital role in early and more predictable osseointegration. SLA (sandblasted large grit and acid-etched) represents the most widely accepted, long-term clinically proven surface. Primarily, dental implants are manufactured by either commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti) or Ti6Al4V ELI alloy. The acid etch behavior of CP-Ti is well known and its effects on the surface microstructure and physicochemical properties have been studied by various researchers in the past. However, there is a lack of studies showing the effect of acid etching parameters on the Ti6Al4V alloy surface. The requirement of the narrow diameter implants necessitates implant manufacturing from alloys due to their high mechanical properties. Hence, it is necessary to have an insight on the behavior of acid etching of the alloy surface as it might be different due to changed compositions and microstructure, which can further influence the osseointegration process. The present research was carried out to study the effect of acid etching parameters on Ti6Al4V ELI alloy surface properties and the optimization of process parameters to produce micro- and nanotopography on the dental implant surface. This study shows that the Ti6Al4V ELI alloy depicts an entirely different surface topography compared to CP-Ti. Moreover, the surface topography of the Ti6Al4V ELI alloy was also different when etching was done at room temperature compared to high temperature, which in turn affected the behavior of the cell on these surfaces. Both microns and nano-level topography were achieved through the optimized parameters of acid etching on Ti6Al4V ELI alloy dental implant surface along with improved roughness, hydrophilicity, and enhanced cytocompatibility.
牙种植体的表面在早期及更可预测的骨结合过程中起着至关重要的作用。SLA（喷砂大颗粒及酸蚀）代表了应用最广泛、经长期临床验证的表面处理方式。牙种植体主要由商业纯钛（CP-Ti）或Ti6Al4V ELI合金制造。CP-Ti的酸蚀行为广为人知，过去已有众多研究者对其对表面微观结构和物理化学性质的影响进行了研究。然而，缺乏关于酸蚀参数对Ti6Al4V合金表面影响的研究。由于窄直径种植体对机械性能要求较高，因此需要用合金来制造种植体。所以，有必要深入了解合金表面的酸蚀行为，因为其成分和微观结构的变化可能导致酸蚀行为不同，进而可能影响骨结合过程。本研究旨在探讨酸蚀参数对Ti6Al4V ELI合金表面性能的影响，并优化工艺参数以在牙种植体表面产生微米和纳米级形貌。该研究表明，与CP-Ti相比，Ti6Al4V ELI合金呈现出完全不同的表面形貌。此外，与高温酸蚀相比，室温下酸蚀时Ti6Al4V ELI合金的表面形貌也有所不同，这反过来又影响了细胞在这些表面上的行为。通过对Ti6Al'4V ELI合金牙种植体表面酸蚀参数的优化，实现了微米和纳米级形貌，同时提高了粗糙度、亲水性并增强了细胞相容性。
